BIOGRAPHIES ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: JUNE 5
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Ronald Reagan
president of United States
Ronald Reagan, 40th president of the United States (1981–89), noted for his conservative Republicanism, his fervent anticommunism, and his appealing personal style, characterized by a jaunty affability…
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Mark Wahlberg
American actor and producer
Mark Wahlberg, American singer and actor who gained fame as a member of the rap group Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch and then as a Calvin Klein model before launching a successful film career. Wahlberg…
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Neil Patrick Harris
American actor
Neil Patrick Harris, American comic actor known for his portrayals of both likably average and flamboyantly unconventional characters. Harris made his stage debut as Toto in a grammar school production…
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John Maynard Keynes
British economist
John Maynard Keynes, English economist, journalist, and financier, best known for his economic theories (Keynesian economics) on the causes of prolonged unemployment. His most important work, The General…
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Ray Bradbury
American writer
Ray Bradbury, American author best known for his highly imaginative short stories and novels that blend a poetic style, nostalgia for childhood, social criticism, and an awareness of the hazards of runaway…
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Pancho Villa
Mexican revolutionary
Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary and guerrilla leader who fought against the regimes of both Porfirio Díaz and Victoriano Huerta and after 1914 engaged in civil war and banditry. Villa was the son of…
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O. Henry
American author
O. Henry, American short-story writer whose tales romanticized the commonplace—in particular the life of ordinary people in New York City. His stories expressed the effect of coincidence on character through…
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Laurie Anderson
American performance artist and author
Laurie Anderson, American performance artist, composer, and writer whose work explores a remarkable range of media and subject matter. Anderson began studying classical violin at five years of age and…
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Federico García Lorca
Spanish writer
Federico García Lorca, Spanish poet and playwright who, in a career that spanned just 19 years, resurrected and revitalized the most basic strains of Spanish poetry and theatre. He is known primarily for…
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Mel Tormé
American singer and songwriter
Mel Tormé, American singer, songwriter, composer, arranger, pianist, drummer, actor, and author, one of the 20th century’s most versatile, respected, and influential jazz vocalists. Tormé began singing…
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Joe Clark
prime minister of Canada
Joe Clark, prime minister of Canada from June 1979 to March 1980, the youngest person ever to win the post. Clark obtained a B.A. in history (1960) and an M.A. in political science (1973) from the University…
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Tony Richardson
British director and producer
Tony Richardson, English theatrical and motion-picture director whose experimental productions stimulated a renewal of creative vitality on the British stage during the 1950s. In 1953, after graduating…
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James Connolly
Irish labour leader and revolutionary
James Connolly, Marxist union leader and revolutionary who was a leading participant in the Easter Rising (April 24–29, 1916) in Dublin against British rule. In 1896, soon after his arrival in Dublin,…
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Bill Moyers
American journalist and commentator
Bill Moyers, American journalist who was especially known for his television programs that aired on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). Moyers originally trained for the Baptist ministry; he was ordained…
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Stephen Crane
American writer
Stephen Crane, American novelist, poet, and short-story writer, best known for his novels Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893) and The Red Badge of Courage (1895) and the short stories “The Open Boat,”…
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Jerome Bruner
American psychologist
Jerome Bruner, American psychologist and educator who developed theories on perception, learning, memory, and other aspects of cognition in young children that had a strong influence on the American educational…
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Carl Maria von Weber
German composer and musician
Carl Maria von Weber, German composer and opera director during the transition from Classical to Romantic music, noted especially for his operas Der Freischütz (1821; The Freeshooter, or, more colloquially,…
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Martha Argerich
Argentine pianist
Martha Argerich, Argentine pianist known for her recordings and performances of chamber music, particularly of works by Olivier Messiaen, Sergey Prokofiev, and Sergey Rachmaninoff. A prodigy, Argerich…
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Pat Garrett
American lawman
Pat Garrett, Western U.S. lawman known as the man who killed Billy the Kid (q.v.). Born in Alabama and reared in Louisiana, Garrett left home at about the age of 17 and headed for Texas and the life of…
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Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener
British field marshal
Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, British field marshal, imperial administrator, conqueror of the Sudan, commander in chief during the South African War, and (perhaps his most important role)…
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Ernest Augustus
king of Hanover
Ernest Augustus,, king of Hanover, from 1837 to 1851, the fifth son of George III of England. Ernest Augustus studied at Göttingen, entered the Hanoverian army, and served as a leader of cavalry when war…
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Christy Brown
Irish writer
Christy Brown, Irish writer who overcame virtually total paralysis to become a successful novelist and poet. Brown was born with cerebral palsy, which left him unable to control any of his limbs except…
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Suze Orman
American financial adviser and author
Suze Orman, American financial adviser, television personality, and author known for her unconventional approach to money, which combined personal finance with personal growth. Orman was the daughter of…
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Saint Boniface
English missionary
Saint Boniface, English missionary and reformer, often called the apostle of Germany for his role in the Christianization of that country. Boniface set the church in Germany on a firm course of undeviating…
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Paul Keres
Estonian chess player
Paul Keres, Estonian chess grandmaster, three times chess champion of the U.S.S.R., three times European champion, and a member of the winning Soviet team at seven world Chess Olympiads. Keres began to…
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Louis X
king of France
Louis X,, Capetian king of France from 1314 and king of Navarre from 1305 to 1314, who endured baronial unrest that was already serious in the time of his father, Philip IV the Fair. The eldest son of…
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Ruth Benedict
American anthropologist and author
Ruth Benedict, American anthropologist whose theories had a profound influence on cultural anthropology, especially in the area of culture and personality. Benedict graduated from Vassar College in 1909,…
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William Boyd
American actor
William Boyd, American motion-picture and television actor who was best known for his portrayal of Hopalong Cassidy in a series of western films. Although born in Ohio, he grew up (from the age of 7) in…
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Kurt Tank
German aircraft designer and test pilot
Kurt Tank, leading aircraft designer and test pilot of the mid-20th century. After service in World War I, Tank studied electrical engineering at the Berlin Institute of Technology. In 1924, after earning…
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Edmund of Langley, 1st duke of York
English noble
Edmund of Langley, 1st duke of York, fourth surviving legitimate son of King Edward III of England and founder of the House of York as a branch of the Plantagenet dynasty. Created earl of Cambridge in…
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Hélène Cixous
French author
Hélène Cixous, French feminist critic and theorist, novelist, and playwright. Cixous’s first language was German. She was reared in Algeria, which was then a French colony, a circumstance that, by her…
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Sir David Hare
British playwright and director
Sir David Hare, British playwright and director, noted for his deftly crafted satires examining British society in the post-World War II era. Hare graduated from Jesus College, Cambridge, in 1968 and founded…
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Dame Margaret Drabble
British author
Dame Margaret Drabble, English writer of novels that are skillfully modulated variations on the theme of a girl’s development toward maturity through her experiences of love, marriage, and motherhood.…
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Dennis Gabor
British engineer
Dennis Gabor, Hungarian-born electrical engineer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1971 for his invention of holography, a system of lensless, three-dimensional photography that has many applications.…
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Mustafa II
Ottoman sultan
Mustafa II,, Ottoman sultan from 1695 to 1703, whose determination to regain territories lost after the unsuccessful attempt to take Vienna in 1683 led to the continuation of the war against the Holy League…
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Avigdor Lieberman
Israeli politician
Avigdor Lieberman, Israeli politician, leader of the nationalist right-wing political party Yisrael Beiteinu, who served as Israel’s foreign minister (2009–12; 2013–15) and defense minister (2016– ). At…
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Bushrod Washington
United States jurist
Bushrod Washington, associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1798 to 1829. A nephew of George Washington, he graduated in 1778 from the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia,…
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Bill Tilden
American tennis player
Bill Tilden, American tennis player who dominated the game for more than a decade, winning seven U.S. championships (now the U.S. Open), three Wimbledon Championships, and two professional titles. His…
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Jacques Demy
French director
Jacques Demy, French director best known for his romantic musical-comedy films. Demy studied for two years at France’s Technical School of Photography and Cinematography and then was an assistant to animator…
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Edmund, 1st earl of Lancaster
English noble
Edmund, 1st earl of Lancaster, fourth (but second surviving) son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence, who founded the house of Lancaster. At the age of 10, Edmund was invested by Pope…
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William Thomas Cosgrave
president of Ireland
William Thomas Cosgrave, Irish statesman, who was the first president of the Executive Council (prime minister; 1922–32) of the Irish Free State. At an early age, Cosgrave was attracted to the Irish nationalist…
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Orlando Gibbons
English composer
Orlando Gibbons, organist and composer, one of the last great figures of the English polyphonic school. Gibbons was the most illustrious of a large family of musicians that included his father, William…
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Eleanor Farjeon
British writer
Eleanor Farjeon, English writer for children whose magical but unsentimental tales, which often mock the behaviour of adults, earned her a revered place in many British nurseries. The daughter of a British…
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Roy Herbert Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson
British publisher
Roy Herbert Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson, Canadian-born British publisher, owner of The Times of London and other newspapers and communications media. Early in life Thomson worked as a clerk and salesman,…
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Art Donovan
American football player
Art Donovan, (Arthur James Donovan, Jr.), American football player (born June 5, 1924, Bronx, N.Y.—died Aug. 4, 2013, Baltimore, Md.), was a bruising defensive tackle for the NFL Baltimore Colts and was…
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Alfred Kazin
American critic and author
Alfred Kazin, American critic and author noted for his studies of American literature and his autobiographical writings. The son of Russian Jewish immigrants, Kazin attended the City College of New York…
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Alfred Kazin
American critic and author
Alfred Kazin, American critic and author noted for his studies of American literature and his autobiographical writings. The son of Russian Jewish immigrants, Kazin attended the City College of New York…
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Giovanni Paisiello
Italian composer
Giovanni Paisiello, Neapolitan composer of operas admired for their robust realism and dramatic power. Paisiello’s father, who intended him for the legal profession, enrolled him at age five in the Jesuit…
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Marion Motley
American football player
Marion Motley, African American gridiron football player who helped desegregate professional football in the 1940s during a career that earned him induction into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1968.…
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John
king of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
John, king of Denmark (1481–1513) and Norway (1483–1513) and king (as John II) of Sweden (1497–1501) who failed in his efforts to incorporate Sweden into a Danish-dominated Scandinavian union. He was more…
