Showing metabocard for Androsterone (HMDB00031)

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the transformation of the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) into the less active form, 5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol). Also has some 20-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. The biotransformation of the pesticide chlordecone (kepone) to its corresponding alcohol leads to increased biliary excretion of the pesticide and concomitant reduction of its neurotoxicity since bile is the major excretory route.

Gene Name:

AKR1C4

Uniprot ID:

P17516

Molecular weight:

37094.57

Reactions

General function:

Involved in sulfotransferase activity

Specific function:

Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands.

Gene Name:

SULT2A1

Uniprot ID:

Q06520

Molecular weight:

33779.57

References

1. Chang HJ, Shi R, Rehse P, Lin SX: Identifying androsterone (ADT) as a cognate substrate for human dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase (DHEA-ST) important for steroid homeostasis: structure of the enzyme-ADT complex. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jan 23;279(4):2689-96. Epub 2003 Oct 21. [PubMed:14573603 ]

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. Catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGH2 and phenanthrenequinone (PQ) and the oxidation of 9-alpha,11-beta-PGF2 to PGD2. Functions as a bi-directional 3-alpha-, 17-beta- and 20-alpha HSD. Can interconvert active androgens, estrogens and progestins with their cognate inactive metabolites. Preferentially transforms androstenedione (4-dione) to testosterone.

Gene Name:

AKR1C3

Uniprot ID:

P42330

Molecular weight:

36866.91

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Converts progesterone to its inactive form, 20-alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone (20-alpha-OHP). In the liver and intestine, may have a role in the transport of bile. May have a role in monitoring the intrahepatic bile acid concentration. Has a low bile-binding ability. May play a role in myelin formation.

Gene Name:

AKR1C1

Uniprot ID:

Q04828

Molecular weight:

36788.02

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Works in concert with the 5-alpha/5-beta-steroid reductases to convert steroid hormones into the 3-alpha/5-alpha and 3-alpha/5-beta-tetrahydrosteroids. Catalyzes the inactivation of the most potent androgen 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5-alpha-DHT) to 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol). Has a high bile-binding ability.

Gene Name:

AKR1C2

Uniprot ID:

P52895

Molecular weight:

15747.91

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme has glucuronidating capacity with steroid substrates such as 5-beta-androstane 3-alpha,17-beta-diol, estradiol, ADT, eugenol and bile acids. Only isoform 1 seems to be active.

Gene Name:

UGT2B28

Uniprot ID:

Q9BY64

Molecular weight:

38742.9

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme is active on polyhydroxylated estrogens (such as estriol, 4-hydroxyestrone and 2-hydroxyestriol) and xenobiotics (such as 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, 4-nitrophenol, 2-aminophenol, 4-hydroxybiphenyl and menthol). It is capable of 6 alpha-hydroxyglucuronidation of hyodeoxycholic acid.

Gene Name:

UGT2B4

Uniprot ID:

P06133

Molecular weight:

60512.035

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate.

Gene Name:

UGT1A4

Uniprot ID:

P22310

Molecular weight:

60024.535

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT2B10

Uniprot ID:

P36537

Molecular weight:

60773.485

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Its unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol suggests it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent and active estrogen metabolites. Is also active with androsterone, hyodeoxycholic acid and tetrachlorocatechol (in vitro).

Gene Name:

UGT2B7

Uniprot ID:

P16662

Molecular weight:

60720.15

Reactions

References

1. Coffman BL, King CD, Rios GR, Tephly TR: The glucuronidation of opioids, other xenobiotics, and androgens by human UGT2B7Y(268) and UGT2B7H(268). Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Jan;26(1):73-7. [PubMed:9443856 ]

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme displays activity toward several classes of xenobiotic substrates, including simple phenolic compounds, 7-hydroxylated coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and certain drugs and their hydroxylated metabolites. It also catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogens and androgens.

Gene Name:

UGT2B15

Uniprot ID:

P54855

Molecular weight:

61035.815

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases catalyze phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase water solubility and enhance excretion. They are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Active on odorants and seems to be involved in olfaction; it could help clear lipophilic odorant molecules from the sensory epithelium.

Gene Name:

UGT2A1

Uniprot ID:

Q9Y4X1

Molecular weight:

60771.605

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.

Gene Name:

UGT1A1

Uniprot ID:

P22309

Molecular weight:

59590.91

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols.

Gene Name:

UGT1A9

Uniprot ID:

O60656

Molecular weight:

59940.495

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT1A8

Uniprot ID:

Q9HAW9

Molecular weight:

59741.035

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT1A3

Uniprot ID:

P35503

Molecular weight:

60337.835

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT1A10

Uniprot ID:

Q9HAW8

Molecular weight:

59809.075

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. The major substrates of this isozyme are eugenol > 4-methylumbelliferone > dihydrotestosterone (DHT) > androstane-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol) > testosterone > androsterone (ADT).

Gene Name:

UGT2B17

Uniprot ID:

O75795

Molecular weight:

61094.915

Reactions

References

1. Beaulieu M, Levesque E, Tchernof A, Beatty BG, Belanger A, Hum DW: Chromosomal localization, structure, and regulation of the UGT2B17 gene, encoding a C19 steroid metabolizing enzyme. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Oct;16(10):1143-54. [PubMed:9364925 ]

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols.

Gene Name:

UGT1A6

Uniprot ID:

P19224

Molecular weight:

60750.215

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT1A5

Uniprot ID:

P35504

Molecular weight:

60070.565

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT2B11

Uniprot ID:

O75310

Molecular weight:

61037.8

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

Gene Name:

UGT1A7

Uniprot ID:

Q9HAW7

Molecular weight:

59818.315

Reactions

General function:

Involved in DNA binding

Specific function:

Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3

Gene Name:

AR

Uniprot ID:

P10275

Molecular weight:

98987.9

References

1. Peterziel H, Culig Z, Stober J, Hobisch A, Radmayr C, Bartsch G, Klocker H, Cato AC: Mutant androgen receptors in prostatic tumors distinguish between amino-acid-sequence requirements for transactivation and ligand binding. Int J Cancer. 1995 Nov 15;63(4):544-50. [PubMed:7591265 ]

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that converts 3- alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone (allopregnanolone) to dihydroxyprogesterone and 3-alpha-androstanediol to dihydroxyprogesterone. May play a role in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid from retinaldehyde, but seems to have low activity with retinoids. Can utilize both NADH and NADPH

Gene Name:

DHRS9

Uniprot ID:

Q9BPW9

Molecular weight:

35226.8

References

1. Klein J, Thomas H, Post K, Worner W, Oesch F: Dihydrodiol dehydrogenase activities of rabbit liver are associated with hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and aldo-keto reductases. Eur J Biochem. 1992 May 1;205(3):1155-62. [PubMed:1576998 ]

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Oxidoreductase with a preference for NAD. Oxidizes all- trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol to the corresponding aldehydes. Has higher activity towards CRBP-bound retinol than with free retinol. Oxidizes 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids. Oxidizes androstanediol and androsterone to dihydrotestosterone and androstanedione. Can also catalyze the reverse reaction

Gene Name:

RDH16

Uniprot ID:

O75452

Molecular weight:

35673.1

References

1. Karlsson T, Vahlquist A, Kedishvili N, Torma H: 13-cis-retinoic acid competitively inhibits 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidation by retinol dehydrogenase RoDH-4: a mechanism for its anti-androgenic effects in sebaceous glands? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Mar 28;303(1):273-8. [PubMed:12646198 ]

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases catalyze phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase water solubility and enhance excretion. They are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds (By similarity).

Gene Name:

UGT2A3

Uniprot ID:

Q6UWM9

Molecular weight:

60253.94

Reactions

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

UGT1A10

Uniprot ID:

Q5DT02

Molecular weight:

59809.1

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

UGT1A8

Uniprot ID:

Q5DSZ6

Molecular weight:

59741.0

General function:

Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

UGT1A7

Uniprot ID:

Q5DSZ7

Molecular weight:

59818.3