Category Archives: Bhutan

Warning: Long, runs to 52 pages.

Bigfoots or relict hominids range over much of the planet, mostly in heavily forested regions or in very high mountains.

In North America, Bigfoots range from the Mexican border to Alaska, across the Canadian Arctic and even the Canadian Islands, down to Labrador and Prince Edward Island over to Greenland. They are probably most common of all in the Lower Fraser River area of British Colombia, in the Mt. St. Helens area of Washington and in Oregon just across the Washington border along the Colombia River and southwest of Portland .

40,000 Bigfoot sightings have been reported, and tens of thousands of tracks have been found, some extending for miles. Countless track casts have been made. Bigfoot scat from Ohio was examined, and it was determined that it came from a nonhuman digestive tract.

A giant Bigfoot, 12 feet tall, was seen at Pitt Lake in British Colombia in July 1965.

The Eskimos say that there was a large race of hairy relict hominids living in the area when the Eskimos showed up. They were not as smart as men, and they fought amongst themselves all the time. They made primitive bone and stone tools and lived in primitive circular encampments of large stones with whale rib and skin roofs. When seen by Eskimos, they were shy and retiring. Eskimos to this day call them Toonijuk.

The Toonijuk existed into the 20th Century in Greenland but were driven into deep and inaccessible valleys by the Eskimos. They preferred rotten meat and did not know how to dry skins, but instead wore them wet as clothing. They also used skins as bedding. They were reported by Rasmussen as late as 1910.

Scherman records them as late as 1902 on Southampton Island in Canada. Toonijuk lived in underground homes. They had a type of primitive cooking pottery and some primitive weapons. They were excellent hunters who could call game by voice or gesture, and they were extremely strong.

The ruins of a Toonijuk village was found by Scherman on Bylot Island, Canada in 1955. They found sleds, a burial zone with huge rocks over the bodies and large earthen mounds. They also found utensils, bow and arrows, strings, darts and lances, most of them carved of bone. The people were very small, only four feet tall.

The Toonijuk type in Alaska is called Arulataq. They differ in having long, flowing hair as opposed to the short, thick hair of the Toonijuk.

A race of tiny, hairy, 2-3 foot high people is said to live on Hawaii. They were called Menehune. They seem to have been non-human. In 1786, under the reign of King Kaumaulii, 2,000 people lived in Wainiha Valley. Of these, 65 of them Menehune. In 1940, a school superintendent and two classes of kids, 40 in total, saw a Menehune on Waimea. Sightings have continued up until 1989 on Kauai. Existence dubious.

A race of tiny, hairy, gnome-like people is said to exist in North America and Mexico all the way down to Honduras, where they are called the Duende. They are mostly known from Indian folklore, but some Indians insist that they are real. The only evidence is sightings, mostly in the New Mexico-Colorado area, but those seem to have tapered off since the 1930’s. They are said to live underground. Tiny arrowheads have also been found, but it is not known who made them. They are said to be hostile to humans.

A 14 inch skeleton is known from California, but it is not known what it is. There is one recent sighting from New Mexico. It was described as “not human.” A smaller type, the 3-5 ft. Duende, is found in Yucatan, Guatemala and Belize. Footprints were found in Guatemala in 2004. In Belize, they live in jungles in the south of Belize. Existence probable.

In Mexico, this type is called the Aluxob. It lives in Yucutan, where it is mostly seen by Mayans but also by Mexicans and US tourists. The most recent reports are from 2007. They are not hairy. The Maya say that the Aluxob are their ancestors. It is not known whether or not the Aluxob are fully human.

Relict hominids have been reported in Latin America. They are found along the highlands from Chiapas south to the Andes, and from Colombia south to Bolivia and Chile. Some are also found on certain Chilean islands and in the Guyana Massif.

However, in the Yucatan, Guatemala and Belize region, the Indians talk about a creature named Sisemite or Ulak, which is a Bigfoot type. It ranges along the highest mountain peaks. The locals describe it as just another animal in the forest. Approximately 5-6 feet tall, it is covered in hair that grows almost to the ground.

In 1898, a Sisemite was killed in Honduras, and another was shot dead in Panama in 1920. As of 1967, they were said to still exist in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Chiapas, Guatemala and Costa Rica. There have been sightings in the past 40 years in Honduras in the Guaranta Mountains north of the lower Rio Coco. Existence probable.

The variety in Ecuador and Colombia on the eastern slopes of the Andes, the Shiru, is small, 4-5 feet tall. There is also a type in this region that is 6 feet tall. In the 1800’s, a Shiru was shot dead in Colombia, and another was shot dead in Ecuador. Existence unknown to extinct.

The Guyanas variety, the Didi, is larger, 5 feet tall. It has red hair, is bulky and makes “hoo” sounds. The Didi is known from Guyana, Suriname and the Brazilian uplands. In 2005, a Didi reportedly abducted two children, a boy and a girl, in Guyana. Local reports indicate that the Didi has claws, which seems impossible for a hominid. At the moment, the Didi seems highly cryptic. Existence unknown to possible.

From the high Andes of Peru, Bolivia and Chile, there is a very large relict hominid, 6-9 feet, tall. They are called the Ucu, Ucumar or Ukumar-zupia. There have been many sightings since 1950, and local people had stories dating far back before that. It is fond of a plant called the Payo, the inside of which is like a cabbage.

A race of little people is sometimes seen in the Amazon. They are called pygmies, dwarves or leprechauns. They are probably just a race of very short Indians, but they may be another species. The evidence for their existence is poor.

The hominids from the Amazon in Brazil, mostly the states of Mato Grosso, Acre and Pará, the Mapinguary or Maricoxi, are said to be huge, up to 15 feet tall. The best reports come from northeast of the Paresis Range in Mato Grosso near the border with Santa Cruz Province in Bolivia. It has red hair, long arms, a sloping forehead and “bottle” footprints. It smells bad and makes roars and booming noises. It is reported to rip the tongues out of cows when it kills them.

In one report by a Western explorer, the Mapinguaries were found in a village. They used horns to make calls, lived in villages with primitive shelters, made bows and arrows, and killed and ate the local Indians.

According to one theory, the Mapinguary is nothing but the supposedly extinct giant ground sloth. It was quite large when it stood upright. However, it went extinct 13,000 years ago. Existence uncertain but possible.

Also in Mato Grosso is a shorter type that kills local Indians for food and slow cooks them over a fire on sticks.

There is yet another type called Morcegos, Cabedullos or Tatus that lives in caves in the ground and is nocturnal. They have a very highly developed sense of smell that almost seems like a sixth sense. The most recent sighting was from Acre in December 1998.

The Salvaje is a giant bipedal ape 3-5 feet tall that lives in Venezuela. Its existence is quite uncertain due to it’s being tied in with the Loy’s Ape, which was nothing more than a hoaxed photo of a spider monkey.

Relict hominids exist in Russia, where they are known as Almas, among other names. Two types, the Almas and the Golub-Yavan, are found mostly in the area from Altai down through the Tian Shan to the Pamir Range, encompassing parts of Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. In the high mountains, they mostly live at 8,000-12,000 feet, sometimes descending to raid crops.

The ones in the Pamirs are called Golub-Yavan. The Golub-Yavan live in the Pamirs and Tian Shan Mountains and in Eastern Kazakhstan, where they are called Ksy-gyik. They may extend to the Kunlun Range in China, the Karokorams in north Pakistan and the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan. They live in caves.

A Golub-Yavan was shot dead in 1925 in Tajikistan and was buried under a pile of rocks. Another was shot dead and buried in 1967. A traveler, Johannes Schiltberger, journeying through the Tian Shan Mountains in the 1402 reported two captive Golub-Yavan.

17-inch Golub-Yavan footprints were seen in the Altalinsky Mountains of Kyrgyzstan in 2001. Golub-Yavans have long been known in this region. They prey on mountain goats and rodents and live in the highest peaks of this country. They have even been known to kill wolves. A possible Golub-Yavan graveyard with huge bones was found in a cave in Tajikistan in the early 1900’s, but locals fled in fear that the Golub-Yavans would come back and attack them.

There may be both short and tall varieties of the Golub-Yavan, as a 4’9 one was recorded from the southern shore of Balkhash Lake in Eastern Kazakhstan in 1963. The most recent sighting in Kazakhstan was in 1981. There are many sightings around the Balkhash Lake region.

Golub-Yavans are also found in Afghanistan in the Badakhshan region where Afghanistan, Tajikistan and India all come together. The last sighting was in 1949.

A Golub-Yavan was sighted in Kashmir in 2003.

The hominid type found in Yakutia is called the Mulen. Many Mulen were killed during the Russian Civil War when people moved into uninhabited areas.

There is another hominid type in Tajikistan called the Gul that may or may not be the same animal as Golub-Yavan.

There are many reports of Almas from Mongolia. The most recent sighting was in 1974.

In 1939, two Almas were shot dead in Mongolia during skirmishes between Soviet and Japanese forces. The bodies disappeared. Russian pediatrician Ivan Ivlov saw a family of Almas in the Mongolian Altai in 1963. He observed them at a distance of one mile through his binoculars. He later asked some of his patients about them and received many detailed reports.

People in Soviet Central Asia say that in the past there was a long war between the humans and the Almas, with the humans winning. The result of the war was that the Almas retreated into the most remote areas. Almas are smaller than Bigfoots. Usual height is about 5-6.5 feet.

Almas are also known from the Caucasus, where we have many reports, including reports of recent breeding with humans in the late 1800’s, photos of 1/4 Almas-human offspring and a skull of a 1/4 Almas-human from Abkhazia. There are 500 sightings in Karbardino-Balkaria alone.

In the Caucasus, they are mostly found in the southern part of Kabardino-Balkaria, mainly in the higher elevations. Before the 1960’s, they were much tamer and had fairly good relations with the local humans. Shepherds living alone in their shacks sometimes took up with Almas females. Children were sometimes produced by these relations. One shepherd tried to leave his Almas, and she become so angry that she killed him.

The Almas of Mongolia and Siberia are also said to breed with humans on occasion. The offspring are often very ugly – more so than the the Almas themselves. But they are often very gifted and talented in many fields, possibly more than most humans.

The people of the region often leave food for the Almas, whom they pity. In the small town of Elbrus high in the mountains, everyone has seen an Almas. People put food out for them every night. Around Elbrus, the Almas have become more common in recent years with the collapse of the grazing economy. Almas have taken to living in some of the abandoned shepherd sheds.

Almas of the Caucasus look more human than most other relict hominids types. Their faces are hairless and appear more human than the North American Bigfoots. Almas are reportedly to be extremely strong.

They are covered in hair, which is often reddish. However, the long, pendulous breasts of the females are hairless. The females sometimes throw their breasts over their shoulders as they run. Almas, especially the females, sometimes steal clothes, which they somehow manage to put on. Some female Almas wear a sort of loincloth over their waist. An Almas was seen in recent years wearing a dress with a large hole in the back. Local human women fear the Almas women, who reportedly try to tempt local human men into sexual relations with them.

There was a long decline in Almas numbers from the 1960’s-early 1990’s, but since 1993, the numbers seem to have stabilized, and there is no longer a decline. Many young Almas have been seen. Almas in the area are stealthy are rarely seen. They live in the many caves of the region. In the past, they appeared on the outskirts of towns. Around World War 2, one Almas lived in a village garden for an entire summer.

Almas are generally not dangerous, but locals are still afraid of them. The local humans in general do not harm the Almas. The Almas are primitive and have no known language, though they can repeat phrases in a parrot-like fashion. There are suggestions that they may be a relict Neandertal type. They are called by some experts “retarded Neandertals.” They seem incapable of advanced human reasoning, but they are great at hiding. They communicate only with loud “boom” noises.

An Almas corpse was found in 2000 near Elbrus, but the finder buried it, and subsequent trips to look for it were not successful. In 2007, A British researcher organized a trip to the region to search for the Almas. They did not see any, but they came back with scat, hair and bones which they intended to try to sequence for DNA.

Two Almas have been killed in Chechnya during the fighting in recent years, one by government forces and one by rebels. Almas have done well during the fighting and are often said to increase their numbers during wartime for some reason. In 1941, Soviet soldiers captured an Almas in Dagestan. It was covered in hair but was unable to speak, yet they felt it was human. They shot it, fearing it was a German spy. The body vanished.

The people of the Caucasus, similarly to the people of Soviet Central Asia, say that in the past there was a lengthy war between the humans and the Almas, with the humans winning. As a result, the Almas retreated into the most forbidding areas.

The Yetis in the north of Russia are called Gyona Pel.

Those in Siberia are called Chuchuna. In the 1920’s , Tatyana Zakharova and other Evenki villagers saw a 7-foot tall Chuchuna wearing a deerskin eating berries at Khoboyuto Creek. It ran away when it saw the humans. In the northern region of Russia, Yetis are often described as a whitish-grey. The Yetis north of the Arctic Circle are said to be as white as a polar bear.

Russian scientist Maya Bykova saw a Chuchuna in 1987. It was black with a white patch on its arm. These types are called “marked hominids.” They have been known to approach humans, trade with them, and communicate with them nonverbally.

Almas in the Altai region are found in Altai Province, Tuva Province, Khakass Province, and the Kazakh Altai, in and around the Altai and Sayan Mountains. Almas have recently moved out of the Altai and over to the Shoria Mountains in the Kuzbass due to forest fires in the Altai. Sightings in the Shoria Range date from 2010.

Similar to people in the Caucasus and Soviet Central Asia, the people of the Altai tell of a long war in the past pitting the humans against the Almas, with the humans winning. The result was that the Almas withdrew to the most remote regions.

An Almas was captured along the southern border of Altai Province in the 1830’s. It was kept for one day and then freed. In the Kazakh Altai sometime in the late 1800’s, another Almas was captured. Around the same time, a hunter found some Almas children in a cave. The parents returned quickly and attacked the hunter. He fired his gun at them.

Long ago, residents of the Altai used to leave food out for the Almas at night. Tracks would often show that an Almas collected the food. In 1938-39, an Almas was caught in Khakass Province and brought to Abakan, where it was kept in an iron cage as a show. It is not known what happened to it. Tracks were found in the Sayan Range in 1952. In 1962, scat was found on Abakan Mountain at 7,500 feet and was so unusual that it was brought to Moscow for testing.

The Tuvans refer to the Almas as their ancestors, but say that they are dangerous and that they carry humans off.

Yetis are known from the Crimean Peninsula, the lower Volga, the area around Moscow, Kostroma Province, Arkhangelsk Province, Kirov Province, the Komi Republic, Karelia, the Kola Peninsula, Chelyabinsk Province, Tyumen Province(mostly the far north and far south), and the western part of Krasnoyarsk Province to the Yenisei River and over to Yakutia where they are found from the Lena River east to the Indigirka River, mostly in the Verkoyansk and Polousnyy Mountains, especially the former.

In the Komi Republic, they are found from the Pechora River east and north of the 60th Parallel.

A Yeti was captured in Sartov in the lower Volga in 1989, but it escaped. In 1989, a Yeti was seen in Sudislavl, 200 miles northeast of Moscow in Kostroma Province. In Arkhangelsk, the most recent sighting is from 1992. Possible signs of Yetis were found near Petrozavodsk in Karelia in 1993.

Nine cross-country skiers died on Mount Otorten in the Urals in 1959. Mount Otorten is located where the Komi Republic meets with Tyumen, Perm and Sverdlovsk Provinces. Three were apparently killed by being squeezed to death, which caused rib fracture. Two others had broken skulls, and one had her tongue torn out. Another four died of hypothermia. One theory is that they were killed by a Yeti. Another theory says that they were killed by UFO aliens. The mystery remains.

Yetis are also known from the Kola Peninsula, and there are a few reports from Karelia. In 1988, there were many sightings around Lake Lovozero on the Kola Peninsula. The sightings were continuous, such that authorities placed a closure area around the lake. Yetis had been sighted on the peninsula far into the past, so they were well known, but recently they had gotten bolder and were hanging around human habitations. The Yeti was aggressive, attacking cabins to try to get the humans to leave.

Kola Peninsula Yetis are very large – 9-10 feet tall. They are grey to white in color. Sightings continued until 1992. Hair, scat, partially chewed berries, etc. were brought back to Moscow for testing. The hair tested “no known animal.”

In Tyumen Republic, they are found from the Komi border to the border to Krasnoyarsk north of the 60th parallel. They are also found in the south of the republic. They are found in Chelyabinsk province next to southern Tyumen Province. In the Komi Republic, they are found all year except the two coldest months of winter. In Yakutia, they are found only in summer, and they disappear in the winter. Some say they hibernate in holes in the ground here. Siberian Yetis are good sized, 6’5″-7 feet tall.

Over in the Far East, aside from the Altai region, Yetis are also known from the Primorksy region to the east of Vladivistock near China.

The Gulebany is the name for the Almas of Azerbaijan, found in the Talysh Mountains. They have kidnapped humans before. Last sighting was in 1947.

Almas types are reported from the Zagros Mountains in Iran. They are also reported from the mountains of the northeast. The people of Iran, similar to the Russians, tell of a long war in the past pitting the humans against the Almas. The humans won the war, and the Almas retreated to the most remote regions. Almas are surely extant.

The Chinese version is called Yeren or “wild man.” It is 6-9 feet tall and has a heavy coat of red-brown hair. It has human eyes, an apelike face and large ears. It is similar to a Yeti, larger, stronger and less human than an Almas or Nguoi Rung. These Chinese have discussed these Yeren for thousands of years.

Four were shot or otherwise killed between 1940-1967. In 1940, one was killed in Gansu. In 1961, another was killed in Yunnan. Soldiers killed and ate a Yeren in Yunnan in 1962. This one was small, only four feet tall.

In 1976, Chinese scientists examined Yeren hair, and found that it differs from humans. Examinations reveal an exact match for Bigfoot hair from the US. The Yeren are commonly seen in one remaining area of central China that is heavily forested, the Shennongjia region of Hebei Province. There may be 1,000-2,000 of these creatures in this region.

In 1953, a Yeren kidnapped a woman in Shennongjia, had sex with her, and she had a child. The 1/2 Bigfoot was videotaped in 1986 at age 33. He was 6’5″ and had a body that had Bigfoot proportions. He did not speak any language.

They are also found in Shanxi and Sichuan Provinces. The last observance in Shanxi was in 1950. One was captured in Sinkiang Province near Tibet in 1913 but died after a few months of captivity.

They are reportedly totally vegetarian. The most recent sightings were in 2010. Extant.

A relict hominid type creature is said to exist in Japan. It is called the Hibagon. Its existence is uncertain.

In addition, a Hobbit type called the Koropokkuru is reported by the Ainu as being the first inhabitants of Japan. They were only 2-3 feet tall, were covered with hair and smelled bad. They lived in pits in the ground over which they built huts. They fashioned small knives. They generally avoided the Ainu, but there was some sporadic trading under the cover of night.

At one point a war broke out between the Ainu and the dwarves, and the Koropokkuru were exterminated. Archeologists do report finding pit dwellings all over Japan that are not consistent with the Ainu. In 1879, archeologists dug up a site called Ōmori. There they found pottery that was not consistent with Ainu culture. Some Japanese archeologists associate this site with the Koropokkuru.

A relict hominid, the Kapre, is said to exist in the Philippines. They live on Luzon. There are recent sightings. They often live in caves and are good sized. Residents say it is just another animal in the forest and leave food out for it at night, often rice and durian fruits, of which it is very fond. It often gives gifts back in return. Filipinos like these creatures and refuse to harm them. This creature is very tall, 8-9 feet.

There were sightings by Japanese soldiers during the Battle of Leyte in 1944 – a Kapre terrorized them in a cave. One was captured in Ilocos de Norte on Luzon in 1961 and taken on tour with a carnival. There are sightings after 1975 on Luzon. Extant but declining.

Relict hominids called Nguoi Rung also live in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, often living in caves. They are about 4’9″-6 feet tall. They have pinkish skin and are covered with hair that is grey, reddish, brown or black. They are generally considered to be a “civilized” or advanced type similar to the Almas. Nguoi Rung do not appear to have much in the way of language. They are strong, but not as strong as a Bigfoot or Yeti.

Many were seen and killed during the Vietnam War, especially near the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Quite a few GI’s reported encounters with “the apes” as they called them. In one case, “the apes” kept raiding the base at night and stealing food. GI’s felt they were dealing with some kind of orangutan. Troops from both sides were killed by the Nguoi Rung during the war.

The war seems to have driven the Nguoi Rung in Vietnam to near extinction, and they are seldom seen anymore. However, footprints were seen and cast in 1982 on Chu Mo Ray Mountain in Vietnam, and from 1983-1998, there were a number of sightings. The sightings are mostly in the region where Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam all come together, especially the Kontum-Sa Thay area of Vietnam.

Not all of these creatures are violent. Sometimes they come at night to human campfires and sit with men, but they say nothing or speak unintelligibly.

They move rapidly across mountains, climb trees easily, shake trees to get bugs to eat and live in caves.

In 1979 in Phnom Sampov, Cambodia, 12 people sighted 15 Nguoi Rung, 5 or 6 adults and the 8 juveniles, with 2 babies on the backs of the females. Many other people saw groups of Nguoi Rung moving through this area, so it looks like the Vietnam War didn’t drive them extinct after all. Phnom Sampov is in the northwest of Cambodia near the Thai border, so it looks like the Nguoi Rung are not limited to northeastern Cambodia.

There was also a recent sighting from the Ratanakiri area, which is a hot spot for Nguoi Rung activity. Ratanakiri is near the area where Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia all come together. Virachey National Park is in this region. Extant.

Around 1900, there were reports of small hominids with thick reddish hair on their bodies in Laos. There have been no further reports. Probably similar to an Orang Pendek type. Possibly extinct.

There is another taller type up to 9 feet tall that is recorded from Indochina and Burma. Several sightings of these were recorded by Allied soldiers fighting the Japanese during World War 2. There have been no sightings since. Possibly extinct.

There is supposedly a hominid called Kung-tu or Mouthman that lives in Burma. These are up to 20 feet tall and have supposedly terrorized Burmans for centuries. Their existence is dubious.

Mawas are known from peninsular Malaysia. We have many exciting recent findings coming out of one part of Malaysia that is still heavily forested. The Orang Asli people, the most ancient humans out of Africa, live there, and they have made most of the sightings. The Orang Asli are very afraid of the Mawas.

These relict hominids are about 6-9 feet tall and are generally vegetarian. Reportedly has only four toes. A captive Mawa was observed in Johor in 1870. I feel that there may be a big or even huge relict hominid discovery coming out of Malaysia soon, maybe even before North America. Extant.

The Batatut is also known from Malaysia, mostly around Saban. This is a small, proto-pygmy type, about 4 feet tall. It is very shy and nocturnal, but can also be highly aggressive – there are stories of them attacking humans and tearing out their livers. A researcher found its broad footprints in 1970 and was terrified. This is possibly the Orang Pendek in Borneo. Existence probable.

The Orang Dalam is a giant from Malaysia, reportedly 10-20 feet tall and covered with hair. The footprints are 18 inches and the stride is 12 feet. There were sightings in 1871, 1953, 1954, 1959, 1966, 1969 and 1971. The 1966 sighting was on a rubber estate near Segamat, 40 miles from Kuala Lumpur. Villagers said the giants were “shy but harmless apes.” 45 years ago, it was already under heavy retreat into the jungles due to human population pressure and loss of feeding grounds. Existence uncertain or possibly extinct.

In 1986, two relict hominids were reported in Southern Thailand in the company of Thai troops. The incident occurred in the village of Phibun in Nakhon Sri Thammarat Province. They were tied up. They were described as hair-covered, ape-like but with human faces. The troops stopped in a village, and everyone in the village saw them.

Bizarrely, the relict hominids were said to drink tea with the soldiers, which makes the story suspect. The relict hominids were taken off to some unknown location. The description of the relict hominids matches well with the description of the Nguoi Rung from Vietnam and Laos.

There is an animal reported from Indonesia called the Orang Pendek. The evidence for its existence is excellent, and it may be related to the recently discovered Homo Florensis on Flores. It is like a small Bigfoot – it is only about 3-4.5 feet tall, has ears that stick out and a belly that protrudes somewhat. but it has very large feet.

It has long honey-yellow to tan colored hair on its head extending down to its buttocks and is hairy. Its arms extend down to its knees. It has a coned head and its face is very humanoid, black colored with some pink markings. The skin on its body is pink. The hair resembles Orangutan hair. It is heavily muscled and very strong. As it walks, the Orang Pendek pulls on vegetation as a mode of locomotion in the same way that Bigfoot engages in tree-pulling.

Locals hunt most of the animals in the forest, but they refuse to hunt the Orang Pendek.

Debbie Martyr, a Western conservationist/journalist, has seen Orang Pendeks three times since 1989. An Indonesian anthropologist, Yanuar Achmed, saw one on the slopes of Mt. Kerenci. In 2001, an Indonesian forest ranger named Aripin saw one on the slopes of this same mountain. As early as 1989, the Orang Pendek was becoming rare in the Mt. Kerenci area due to deforestation. Indications are that existing Orang Pendeks may be an endangered species.

In 2003, a poacher operating north of Gunung Tujuh, the “Lake of Seven Peaks,” and east of Mt. Kerinci caught an Orang Pendek in his deer snare. He poked it with his spear, but it grabbed his spear and snapped it in two like a matchstick. Then it bellowed at him in a deafening roar, and the man passed out. When he woke up, the Orang Pendek had freed itself.

I have a feeling that it may be discovered pretty soon, even sooner than Bigfoot maybe.

Orang Pendek DNA was sequenced in 2003 and is not that of any known animal. It looks like human DNA, but it is outside the human range. Definitely extant.

Homo Floresiensis, or Flores Man, is said by natives to have survived on Flores Island until the late 1800’s. Called Ebu Gogo, they were small, hairy, and friendly, but very shy. Reports indicate that they could breed with humans. They lived in caves. People would leave food out for them at night and they would come to get it. In return, the Hobbits would give the humans gifts.

However, they started stealing human children, hoping to learn from them how to cook food. This enraged the humans, who chased the Ebu Gogo into a cave, piled brush in the front and set it on fire, killing off the Ebu Gogo. A few Ebu Gogo may have survived, but there have been no sightings since the late 1800’s. Probably extinct.

Relict hominids called Baramanu are said to exist in Pakistan in the Chitral region. They are about 5.5-6 feet tall and covered in hair. They are mostly found in the Shishi Kuh Valley of Chitral. Said to resemble prehistoric man. There have been many sightings and footprints in recent years. A body of a Baramanu was supposedly found recently, but followup was not successful. A Spanish researcher, Jordi Magraner, went there to study them for years and gathered many reports. Later, he was murdered, and research has ended. Extant.

The Yeti, of course, is known from Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan. The Yeti is quite large – about eight feet tall, and it has white, black, russet-red or grey fur and icy blue eyes. They Yeti is larger, stronger and less human than an Almas.

Nepalese reportedly captured a Yeti once, but it refused to eat and died. The body was abandoned. Two Yetis were seen in Tibet in 1986. A Yeti reportedly killed a woman in Nepal in 1998. The most recent sighting in Nepal was in 2003, but good tracks were found in 2008.

Yetis are capable of throwing boulders long distances and with excellent accuracy. They reportedly make tools. Inside of their liars, sharpened wood, bone and stone tools have been found, some fashioned into spears or arrows. The Yeti smells terrible.

Another Yeti is called Meti and does not exceed 5’9 inches. It has a coned head, a stocky apelike body that has human qualities, is covered with reddish-brown hair, and has long arms down to its knees.

One of the related types is called the Nyalmo. This is a giant type, an incredible 15 feet tall. It leaves long, four toed tracks. The first documented sighting occurred in 1937. A group of them were standing in a circle and chanting while one beat a hollow tree trunk. Existence dubious.

There is a smaller type, the Miniti, 4.5 feet tall, that was seen by biologist A. A. Tishkov on the China-Tibet border. The Miniti also lives in Nepal at 14,500-16,500 feet elevation. The Miniti is probably the same as the Tehlma.

A smaller one, the 4.5 foot tall Tehlma, is a proto-Pygmy type that lives in the steamy mountain valleys of Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim and Tibet. It has thick, reddish hair, hunched shoulders and a coned head that slopes backwards sharply. Its feces have been examined, and they contained an unknown primate parasite. Since parasites are typically species-specific, this implies that the Tehlma is a new species. The last known sighting was in 1958. The Tehlma exists.

Another type called the Dzuti may be a rare bear species, or perhaps it exists. It is said to be on average 8’2. This is the same as the Kung-lu of Burma. Lives in Tibet.

In 2008, an excellent cast of Yeti footprints was found by Joshua Gates in Nepal and appears to be genuine. The prints were found in the Khumbu region on the banks of the Manju River at 9,300 feet. They differ in some respects from Bigfoot footprints.

Yeti DNA was finally sequenced in 2009. The results came back in the range of large primates such as man, chimpanzees and gorillas, but the DNA sequence was unknown. In other words, it was a large unknown primate.

Pieces of the Pangboche Hand, a purported Yeti hand skeleton found at a monastery in Nepal, were tested by DNA analysis. The results came back near-human, but not human. Earlier they were examined by a London primatologist who determined that the bones resembled those of Neandertal. The Yeti certainly exists.

A truly gigantic Bigfoot lived in Kerala State, India, 30,000 years ago. It was 17 feet tall and weighed 900 pounds. Footprints 22-27 inches long have been found in a cave by anthropologists.

A large form of the Yeti, 7.5-9 feet tall, the Mande Burung, possibly a lowland form of the Yeti, is known from the Garo Hills of Meghalaya State in India. The footprints are 12-15 inches long. There have been many sightings recently, including one in 2008. Hairs of this creature were analyzed in 2008 and came back as not matching any of the known animals in the region. Possibly exists.

A tiny race of hominids used to live in Sri Lanka. These were called Nittaewo, and in the modern era, they lived in the nearly inaccessible Leanama Mountains. They are apparently now extinct. They had a chattering, bird-like language and were very small – 3 to 4 feet tall. They had reddish hair all over their bodies. Some think they were an Orang Pendek type. The local Veddas hated the Nittaewo and at one point, forced them into a cave, piled brush in the cave and set it on fire, wiping out the Nittaewo. This event occurred in the late 1700’s.

Hairy, quadrupedal hominids are reported from Malaita in Melanesia. They are small, hairy and walk on four limbs. Existence dubious.

A type of pygmoid is reported from the New Hebrides Islands of Melanesia. May be a new race of pygmy types or possibly a new species. Existence dubious.

A Bigfoot type, large and hairy, is reported from the Solomon Islands. It lives in the mountains of Guadalcanal and Laudari. Existence dubious.

A race of cone-headed pygmies is known from Fiji. Ancestral humans had a saggital crest similar to Bigfoot’s. There was sighting by 6 people on July 19, 1975. They saw eight pygmies, 2 feet tall and covered with hair, run into the brush. Existence uncertain.

A tiny, 2-foot tall “insular dwarf” skeleton is known from Palau in the Pacific. It is dated at 1000-3000 YBP. This goes along with many stories of tiny people who lived in Pacific islands.

The Yowie is known from Australia. It is very large – about 6-8 feet tall. It has a human like face and long canines and is covered with long brown hair. Yowie hair has recently been gathered and is a direct match for Bigfoot hair from North America. Yowies certainly exist.

In addition, a hairy dwarf type called the Junjdy is said to live in the north Queensland mountains. Existence unknown.

There is another giant type called the Jimbra, reported from Kalgoorlie in West Australia. They are smelly, 7-14 feet tall, and have gorilla-like faces. The males have clearly visible genitals. They have been reported since the days of the first White settlers. Existence uncertain.

In the Nullarbor Plains of South Australia, a giant called the Tjanjara has been seen. In August 1972, Steve Moncreif, a fossil hunter, was exploring in Yarle Lakes on the edge of the Great Victorian Desert. A 10 foot tall creature with a club in its hand saw him and chased him through the ravine. Tjanjaras had been seen in the area two years prior. In 1989, a 13 foot tall Tjanjara wielding a club was seen near Etadunna by two carloads of bush trekkers. Existence uncertain to possible.

A relict hominid is said to exist in New Zealand. It is called the Moehau. They are said to use stone knives, clubs and hand axes. Moehaus killed some Whites in the Coramandel Mountains in the late 1800’s. Before that, Maoris said that Moehaus and other relict types often killed Maoris and ate them. There are recent sightings, which are counterintuitive as there are no native placental mammals on the island.

In 1970, there was a sighting of a hairy Moehau in the Milford Wilderness which screamed and threw rocks at campers. It was 6.5 feet tall.

Around the same time, in Fjordland, at Haast Pass and on Mt. Helen, bushwackers found large Moehau footprints. There have been many sightings of a large Moehau in the Haast Pass area. In 1971, a ranger found tracks in the Nelson Lakes National Park. In 1972, Trevor Silcox saw a 6.5 foot Moehau while hunting in the Coramandels.

Mountaineers have made many sighting of huge footprints and even a few sightings of 6.5-9 foot Moehaus on Kaikura Mountain, which rises to over 8,000 feet. In January 1983, a hunter found a long trail of huge Moehau footprints in the Heaphy River region of Northwest Nelson State Forest Park.

In 1991, campers in the Cameron Islands in the southwest of New Zealand found huge, 17.5 inch Moehau footprints in the dense forest. In 2001, there were reports of huge Moehaus in the Urewera Ranges near Waikaremoana south of Gisborne. Moehaus may well exist.

There are said to be some relict hominids still living in Africa, especially in West, East and South Africa. In East Africa, they are known from Mozambique, Tanzania and Kenya.

In West Africa, there are reports from the Ivory Coast in the 1940’s. It is called the Séhité. No sightings since. It may be extinct.

One from East Africa is small, only 4-5 feet tall and has rust colored skin. It is called the Agogwe, but it has many different names. The natives refused to hunt them. The most recent sighting was in the 1940’s.

It is thought that these and other proto-pygmies in Africa are surviving australopithecines. This is because Agogwes have been seen in the company of baboons. No monkey would go near baboons for fear of being eaten, and no baboon would tolerate a man, as they run from humans. The lack of sightings over the past 70 years implies that the Agogwe may be extinct.

A similar type is known from Zimbabwe. It is called the Kakundakári. It has not been seen since around 1960. Animal collector Charles Cordier found the last tracks around 1960. He also noted that a Kakundari had gotten caught in one of his traps but had somehow managed to extract itself. Possibly extinct due to lack of recent sightings.

There is a race of very short proto-Pygmies which live in Madagascar. They are called the Kimo or the Kalanoro. It’s not known whether these are actual Pygmies or whether they are a new species. The evidence for their existence is poor.

Various human-sized hominids are reported from all over the African continent.They have long reddish or brownish hair on their bodies and are described as humanoid.

One dwarf type called the Dodu is three feet tall and has three fingers and three toes. It lives in the Cameroon-Congo border region. One was seen in January 2001. Existence probable.

There is said to be a type of giant hominid in Africa, something like a Bigfoot. They can range up to 14 feet tall. They live in Zaire, Cameroon, Kenya and Sudan. The type in Zaire is called the Kikongo or the Muhalu, and is 7.5-8 feet tall. There are reports from the early 1960’s. Existence uncertain to dubious or possibly extinct.

There were many stories that some Neandertals survived in Europe until about 1,000 years ago, when they finally all died off. They lived in high mountains and forests in caves and avoided people. I now believe that these “giant” stories, thought to be remaining Neandertals, were actually relict hominids.

Relict hominids were probably killed off or died off in Europe recently. We have a good report from Germany in 1650 but few to none since. We now have two good relict hominid videos shot in the Tatras Mountains in Poland, the highest mountains of Poland, with peaks ranging up to 7,500 feet. It appears that relict hominids are slowly moving back into Europe. The relict hominids from Poland look a lot like North American Bigfoots. A relict hominid was spotted in Kosovo in 2005.

Snömannen are the relict hominids of Scandinavia. They are found in the polar regions of Sweden, Finland and Norway. The description is similar to the one for Bigfoots. Sightings are few, but they are as recent as 1985. A research team doing geological work on Spitzbergen Island, Norwegian land far to the north of Norway between the 75th and 80th parallel, at the same latitude as northern Greenland and Ellesmere Island in Canada, encountered a hairy hominid. It resembled the Alaskan Arulataq. Existence uncertain.

The Ventimiglian Giant is a large, hairy hominid over 6.5 feet tall. It is known from a flurry of sightings in the Ventimiglia region of northern Italy around 1996 and 1997. In one case, three were seen in the forest, and in another case, a short, thick neck was noted. Its existence is uncertain.

The Vedi is a hairy hominid type from Croatia, especially the area near the Hungarian border. There have been no sightings since 1950 or so. Many cases involved females sneaking up on male farmhands sleeping in stables. The females would cozy up to the males. This is similar to female Almas’ behavior in the Caucasus.

Dwarves are known from Ireland, Scotland and mainland Europe. This includes leprechauns, trolls and dwarves. These are hairy hominids only 2 feet tall. There is a long tradition of stories about them in Europe. It is unknown if they exist; they may be just mythology.

Wudewasas were a European relict hominids that lived in Europe, mostly in Finland, until the 1400’s. They carried large clubs with them.

The Fear Liath Mor or Greyman is said to haunt the peak of Ben McDhui in Scotland. Large, grey and scary-looking. It probably does not exist and is just a myth.

The Running Man is said to exist in Scotland. There have been recent sightings, and there is a long tradition of stories. This is sort of a Bigfoot type. It likes to run instead of walk and is said to run alongside cars to look in the windows. Its existence is dubious.

The Basajaun is a hairy relict hominid, standing 5-6 feet tall, that lives in the Basque Country of Spain. It is hostile and hangs around homes for food. There have been recent sightings, including one in which a group of paleontologists was attacked by one. Existence probable.

Relict hominids do not appear to exist in most of Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Korea, Bangladesh, Taiwan, Micronesia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay and the Caribbean.