Panama is the 112th largest export economy in the world and the 74th most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). In 2015, Panama exported $4.75B and imported $27.9B, resulting in a negative trade balance of $23.2B. In 2015 the GDP of Panama was $52.1B and its GDP per capita was $22.2k.

The top exports of Panama are Passenger and Cargo Ships ($741M), Coal Tar Oil ($502M), Refined Petroleum ($381M), Packaged Medicaments ($360M) and Crude Petroleum ($300M), using the 1992 revision of the HS (Harmonized System) classification. Its top imports are Passenger and Cargo Ships ($7.3B), Crude Petroleum ($2.7B), Refined Petroleum ($2.66B), Sulfonamides ($949M) and Cars ($886M).

The top export destinations of Panama are Ecuador ($652M), Guatemala ($591M), South Korea ($364M), the United States ($305M) and Costa Rica ($286M). The top import origins are the United States ($4.68B), Japan ($4.64B), China ($4.14B), Colombia ($2.42B) and South Korea ($2.28B).

Panama borders Costa Rica and Colombia by land and Colombia and Ecuador by sea.