President-Elect, President, and Immediate Past President

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President-Elect

The President-Elect should ensure that they are very familiar with the IVSA Constitution and Bylaws by the time their term as President begins. The President-Elect should also read and familiarise themselves with all the IVSA Manuals, most especially the President one.

Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR) state that the President should know more about rules of parliamentary procedure than other members. This is probably partially because under RONR, the President is normally the Chairman in meetings, which is not necessarily the case in IVSA GAs. However, the President-Elect should at the very least read through “RONR In Brief" a couple of times before they become President.

The President-Elect should strongly consider being Parliamentarian to the GA, as this should ensure that they become one of the most knowledgeable people in IVSA about the Constitution and Bylaws (and RONR).

In their 7 month handover period, the President-Elect should prepare themselves for their term as President. How to do this really depends on this person and their ambitions for their term as President.

To prepare for the next year of chairing ExCo meetings, the President-Elect should know how RONR are applied differently in small meetings, such as ExCo meetings. The major points are as follows:

• People don’t have to stand up
• Motions don’t have to be seconded
• There aren’t normally any limits on speech while debating an issue
• Things can be discussed when there is no proper motion on the floor
• When people agree on a plan, you can move forward without an exact motion and figure out wording later
• The Chairman can join in debate and can vote

The differences in full are as follows:

• Members may raise a hand instead of standing when seeking to obtain the floor, and may remain seated while making motions or speaking.
• Motions need not be seconded.
• There is no limit to the number of times a member can speak to a debatable question.
• Appeals, however, are debatable under the regular rules—that is, each member (except the chair) can speak only once in debate on them, while the chair may speak twice.
• Informal discussion of a subject is permitted while no motion is pending.
• When a proposal is perfectly clear to all present, a vote can be taken without a motion having been introduced. Unless agreed to by unanimous consent, however, all proposed actions must be approved by vote under the same rules as in larger meetings, except that a vote can be taken initially by a show of hands, which is often a better method in small meetings.
• The chairman need not rise while putting questions to a vote.
• If the chairman is a member, he may, without leaving the chair, speak in informal discussions and in debate, and vote on all questions.

The Treasurer should create the IVSA Budget for next financial year 2014/2015 in collaboration with the President-Elect.

Immediately after the results of the ExCo, Secretariat and Trust elections have been announced at Congress, the President-Elect shall liaise with the incoming SG and the incoming Secretariat to ensure the assigning of the positions of Secretaries to members of the new ExCo goes as smoothly as possible in the handover meeting. It is suggested that the P-E discusses with the outgoing President what they think the structure of the new Secretariat should be (do some positions need >1 Secretary? Can some positions have a shared Secretary?), preferably with some flexibility. All the incoming Secretaries should fill in the "Secretary Assignment Document", and the P-E, incoming SG and other incoming Officers can discuss the results and talk to the incoming Secretaries as necessary to try and ensure a structure for the new Secretariat can be agreed in advance of the handover meeting. This should save a lot of time in the "official" assigning of Secretaries to members of the new ExCo in the handover meeting!

Suggested agenda for handover meeting

• Opening of meeting by the President-Elect
• Approval of the agenda
• Approval of the minutes of the previous outgoing ExCo Meeting
• Clarification on IVSA Officials
• Introduction of incoming ExCo members and their objectives for the upcoming year
• Introduction of the members of the Secretariat and which Officer positions they are interested in being assigned to
• Advice of the Trust, and their objectives for the upcoming year
• Advice of the outgoing ExCo and Secretariat members
• Assigning of Secretaries to members of the new ExCo
• Appointment of a member of the Secretariat to manage the scholarship fund
• Appointment of person(s) to check English
• Appointment of people to check the Treasurer’s records once every 2 weeks
• Appointment of someone as a first point of call for backup minutes
• The role of the Committees
• Selection of the Vice-President
• Live Meetings and other upcoming events
• Communication between ExCo, Secretariat and Trust - e-mails, facebook group, etc.
• ExCo, Secretariat and Trust contracts
• AOB
• Closing of meeting

At the agenda point “Clarification on IVSA Officials”, it should be explained that:

• “IVSA Officials” includes the ExCo, the Secretariat, the Trust and Committee Chairs.
• “The ExCo” refers to the group, whereas individuals are “members of the ExCo” or “ExCo Officers”, not “ExCos”.
• “The Secretariat” refers to the group, whereas individuals are “members of the Secretariat” or “Secretaries”, not “Secretariats”.
• ”The Trust” refers to the group, whereas individuals are “members of the Trust” or “Trustees”, not “Trusts”.

It is suggested that at some point during the meeting, e.g. the “Communication” point, a 48 hour limit is adopted to respond to emails or at least to reply saying that you can’t give a full response just yet and stating why.

After the main handover meeting, individual handovers should occur between the outgoing and incoming ExCo members, joined by the incoming Secretary/ies assigned to each position as appropriate. The outgoing ExCo should ensure their Manual is updated and passed on (preferably in digital form).

The incoming and outgoing Secretary Generals should have a meeting with all the members of the incoming and outgoing Secretariat

The incoming and outgoing Committee Chairs should have a meeting with at least the incoming President-Elect, and if possible the outgoing President, and incoming and outgoing Committee Coordinators. The agenda of this meeting is suggested to contain:

• Role of the Committee Coordinator and role of the Chairman
• Communication (including when to cc the CC)
• Committee Manuals and committee selection procedures
• Partnership procedures (all partnerships between IVSA (not a committee) and an organization, although the partnership may be mainly via one or more committees)
• Current partners and potential new partners for the upcoming year
• Committee budgets (amount, all usage of budget must be approved by ExCo)
• Workshops

President

In order to be able to serve as IVSA President, IVSA event experience and profound knowledge of the IVSA Constitution, Bylaws and Manuals is expected.

In order to be considered suitable for nomination for a position on the ExCo or Secretariat, the member should have sufficient English language skills to communicate effectively with the other members of the IVSA governing entities. This is because English is the official language of IVSA and it is the language in which all official ExCo and Secretariat communication is in. English language skills should therefore be considered necessary for all nominees. Other language skills, while they may be useful, are optional.

All ExCo members should seek advice on problems they encounter from the Trust, as the Trust is an advisory body which has experience to support the ExCo. Personal contact with the Trust is encouraged in the case of difficulties.

The President should guide the work of the rest of the ExCo and ensure that, working together, the ExCo fulfil their duties throughout the year.

With the SG, the President should ensure that the Steering Meeting is prepared for the first session of the GA at Congress or Symposium.

Together with the MOD, the President should be the main point of contact between the Committee Chairs and the ExCo.

In order to keep the ExCo updated on what they are all doing, it is recommended that the President ask ExCo members to submit a bimonthly report (e.g. on the 1st and 3rd Mondays in each month or the 1st and 15th of each month, starting in October) on Podio, about what they have done since the last report.

General duties and responsibilities – Summary

According to the Bylaws, the responsibilities of the President include:

• presiding as the general representative of IVSA in all public affairs
• supervision of the financial affairs and fundraising of IVSA
• directing the work of the ExCo
• supervising the work of the Secretariat
• establishing and maintaining relations with relevant third parties
• proposing the agenda for GA and ExCo meetings and circulating it in due time before said meetings

The President also holds the signatory power of IVSA on all official documents and agreements.

The term of office is September 1st until August 31st the next year.

Representative function and relations with third parties

The President serves as the main representative to official meetings in the international veterinary community. During those meetings she/he represents the voice of veterinary students by actively attending assemblies and giving presentations in the name of IVSA. To ensure proper representation, the President should always consult at least the ExCo, Secretariat and Trust and, if possible, the EOs and Local Presidents, before giving presentations and making points that concern the whole member base.

The representation of IVSA is the by far most time consuming part of the term of office, since it involves a lot of traveling. Therefore people being interested in the office should consult their school administration to find out whether it will be possible to attend all the events. Please be aware that what sounds amazing in the first place – traveling – can become a real challenge when you’re traveling for about 200 days per year.

Since IVSA now maintains numerous partnerships with professional organizations all over the world, the election of representatives for certain organizations might be considered to reduce the workload for the President.

Besides the physical representation at meetings and assemblies, the President should stay in touch with IVSA’s partners, try to establish contact with new organizations and initiate new projects between IVSA and the respective third parties after consulting the ExCo.

An additional aspect of representing IVSA is holding the signatory power, meaning that official documents such as agreements are valid only after the President signs them. Sometimes this signature is bound to decisions of the GA, as is the case with any binding agreement that lasts longer than a year, and the decision of the GA must be respected.

Proper professional attire and behavior is expected at all times, including official parts of IVSA events.

The Congress is the largest and most high profile IVSA event of the year, and the invitation of most of our partners and sponsors to the event is important. The OC should draft an invitation letter for IVSA’s global partners and sponsors to part of the Congress (normally the last 2-3 days), so that a maximum of 2 representatives per organization can attend the final GA(s) and the formal dinner. This should be sent to you, for you to edit and send out to partners and sponsors (the letter can be sent out to sponsors via the Sponsorship Director). The letter should be signed by you and also by the President of the OC. Any extra expenses incurred to the OC as a result of the attendance of partners and sponsors will be covered by the IVSA Central Fund (except for lodging and travel, which is the responsibility of the partner/sponsor organization). You should communicate with the OC to ensure that the letter is drafted and the letters can be sent out in a timely manner (a good target would be invitations sent out 4 months before the event and replies due at the latest by 2 months before).

You should also ensure that our partner (or potential partner) student associations are invited to the Congress (this invitation can be via someone else, such as the Chairman of SCOH); two delegate places per association should be reserved. You must ensure that the OC is informed at least 2 months before Congress if these places will not be used, so the OC can fill them with people from the reserve list.

Financial affairs

The President should be familiar with the preceding and current budget of IVSA and should have regular meetings with the Treasurer and Post-Treasurer to ensure the finances are correct and the Financial Report is sent to the Auditors in time to be presented at the Symposium. After Symposium, the President together with the President-Elect and the Treasurer develop the budget for the next year, to be presented at the Congress.

The President should also be familiar with the two special funds of IVSA, the Development Fund and Scholarship Fund, both managed by the Development Aid Director. Regular meetings and consultations between those two positions are vital to ensure the proper usage of the funds. Under the current ExCo structure, fundraising is the responsibility of the External Relations Officer. If there is no such position, please see the External Relations Officer Manual, since this Officer’s tasks fall under the responsibility of the President in this case.

Travel costs

Generally all travel costs are reimbursed by IVSA but sometimes travel expenses have a budgeted maximum and can therefore just be reimbursed up to this maximum.

All travels must be booked at a minimum cost rate. Seeking scholarship opportunities is encouraged.

Managing and directing the work of the governing bodies of IVSA

As with everything in an association as large as IVSA, communication is key. During the term as President-Elect, the incoming President should have gained an insight into the communication of the previous ExCo, and should use this experience to improve the system. It is vital to keep an overview of the work of the different governing bodies, namely the ExCo, Secretariat, Trust and Committees, keeping in mind that the SG will mainly be responsible for the management of the Secretariat and that the Trust is only subsidiary to the GA.

In between the live meetings, the President (in collaboration with the SG) should make sure to schedule meetings via Adobe Connect and keep the Officers, Secretaries and Trustees updated about the travel schedule and the topics of the meetings so that everyone can participate in forming an opinion.

Besides chairing the ExCo meetings, one of the President’s main tasks is the information exchange between the members of the governing bodies. This goal can be achieved best through methods as transparent as possible, e.g. Podio and a Facebook group. Through a lively exchange in these groups, the members of the governing bodies can build a team that enjoys working together.

Nonetheless, the President can also direct tasks to suitable members of the governing bodies in consent with the respective person to ensure a task is carried out properly.

Regular consultations with the SG about the work of the Secretariat should be held throughout the year to make sure the Secretaries are in close contact with their respective Officers and to discuss the best use of the workforce of the Secretariat.

Once between Congress and Symposium and once between Symposium and Congress, the President (in collaboration with the SG) should also schedule a meeting between the ExCo officers and the Trust to discuss the work done so far and ask for advice in possible problematic situations.

To ensure the proper handover to the next President, all official communication should run through the official ExCo addresses since they store all the emails and are therefore a vital source for successors.

General Assembly meetings

As stipulated in the Bylaws, the President is responsible for setting up and circulating the agenda of the meeting. This is done best in conjunction with the SG.

Therefore the President should be asking the members of the governing bodies to send in agenda items for their respective field of work in due time, after which the agenda is then sent to the SG for circulation among the members. Under the current system, the SG creates an agenda on Podio and asks for items to be added, but the President should be responsible for ensuring that this happens.

During the GA sessions, the President might chair the meeting. Even if not, the President should still be familiar with Roberts’ Rules of Order, according to which the GA sessions are run.

Publications

For all IVSA publications, the President is expected to write at least an editorial. This opportunity can be used to update the members and readers of the publication about the happenings in the IVSA governing bodies. The same applies for the proceedings booklets of the Symposium and Congress.

Duties of the ExCo throughout the year

In the Handover meeting, the ExCo-elect need to select one of their members to be the Vice-President and name any “Member of ExCo” positions. They also need to assign Secretaries to members of the new ExCo. In this meeting, or shortly after, they need to appoint a member of the Secretariat to manage the Scholarship fund.

60 days before Symposium, the ExCo need to advise the OC on how many GA sessions they need and how long they should be, bearing in mind that nominations for ExCo, Secretariat and Trust must close and a list be put up of all nominators and nominees by 48 hours before the election GA, and the presentation GA must take place at least 24 hours before the election GA. They should have in mind a Chairman and Parliamentarian (who should have read the relevant documents!), and at least which former/current ExCo member will be on the election committee, if not the whole committee.

The ExCo should have confirmation from the OC that quorum will be comfortably reached at Symposium. If it is suspected that it may be difficult to reach quorum, see the MOD manual.

In the Symposium meeting, each ExCo member needs to present a report of their work since the Handover meeting.

At Symposium, the ExCo/GA need to do the following (presented in the order of a template agenda):

• Welcome and introduction to the proceedings (Steering Meeting)
• Roll call of all MOs (SG)
• Election of Chairman, Parliamentarian and, if necessary, Secretary to the GA
• Amendments to and approval of the proposed agenda
• Approval of the minutes from the previous Congress (SG)
• Nomination of the Election Committee (and voting if necessary)
• Nominations for the President-Elect (if 4 GA sessions, repeat in session 2. Presentation of nominees then in session 3 and voting on nominees in session 4)
• Nominations for Congress 1 ½ years away and for Symposium 2 years away, until the last GA session
• Present for approval (presentation can be via the Congress programme/proceedings booklet) the reports of each ExCo member’s work since the Handover meeting
• Present a preliminary Financial Statement for the current financial year (Treasurer) (technically only have to present this to ExCo but for transparency’s sake should present it to the GA!)
• Present the Financial Report for the previous financial year (Post-Treasurer), for approval
• Present any Constitution and/or Bylaws amendments, for discussion and voting
• Present any binding agreements between external organizations, institutions or partners of IVSA lasting longer than one year, for approval
• Present new MO applications (and any supernational veterinary student organizations) (MOD), and nominate any Honorary Life Members if appropriate, for approval
• Presentation of any local or regional events, including SAVMA Symposium
• OC for the next Congress and Symposium to present
• Nominees for Congress 1 ½ years away to present and be voted on
• AOB
• Adjourn

60 days before Congress, the ExCo need to advise the OC on how many GA sessions they need and how long they should be bearing in mind that nominations for ExCo, Secretariat and Trust must close and a list be put up of all nominators and nominees by 48 hours before the election GA, and the presentation GA must take place at least 24 hours before the election GA. They should have in mind a Chairman and Parliamentarian (who should have read the relevant documents!), and at least which former/current ExCo member will be on the election committee, if not the whole committee.

The ExCo should have confirmation from the OC that quorum will be comfortably reached at Congress. If it is suspected that it may be difficult to reach quorum, see the MOD manual.

The ExCo should decide which further specific named positions they are going to specify (in addition to the mandatory 5) to be held by the next ExCo. The ExCo must inform delegates of the full list of specific named positions at least 30 days before the start of Congress, and must publish this information on the IVSA website on the same day.

In the Congress meeting, each ExCo member needs to present a report of their work since the Handover meeting.

At Congress, the ExCo/GA need to do the following (presented in the order of a template agenda):

• Welcome and introduction to the proceedings (Steering Meeting)
• Roll call of all MOs (SG)
• Election of Chairman, Parliamentarian and, if necessary, Secretary to the GA
• Amendments to and approval of the proposed agenda
• Approval of the minutes from the previous Symposium (SG)
• Nomination of the Election Committee (and voting if necessary)
• Nominations for the ExCo, Secretariat and Trust (if 5 GA sessions, repeat in sessions 2 and 3. Presentation of nominees then in session 4 and voting on nominees in session 5)
• Nominations for Symposium 1 ½ years away and for Congress 2 years away, until the last GA session
• Present for approval (presentation can be via the Congress programme/proceedings booklet) the reports of each ExCo member’s work since the Symposium
• Present for approval (presentation can be via the Congress programme/proceedings booklet) the reports of each Secretary’s work
• Present for approval (presentation can be via the Congress programme/proceedings booklet) the reports of each Trustee’s work
• Report to the GA on DAD projects (DAD)
• Report to the GA on the work of Committees
• Present any Constitution and/or Bylaws amendments, for discussion and voting
• Propose the base factor for the MO membership fees, and absolute values for student and non-student individual supportive membership fees, for approval
• Present any binding agreements between external organizations, institutions or partners of IVSA lasting longer than one year, for approval
• Present the annual budget for the next financial year (Treasurer, President-Elect) for approval
• Top ten EOs announcement
• Present new MO applications (and any supernational veterinary student organizations) (MOD), and nominate any Honorary Life Members if appropriate, for approval
• Elect the Chairman of the Animal Welfare Committee (and any other committees or groups for which this is necessary)
• Nominate 2 Auditors for the financial report who will report to the GA at Symposium (Treasurer) – there must be no conflict of interest in these people being the Auditors
• Presentation of any local or regional events, including SAVMA Symposium
• Presentations by partners of IVSA
• OC for the next Symposium and Congress to present
• Nominees for Symposium 1 ½ years away to present and be voted on
• Approve maximum Congress and Symposium fees for the next Congress and the Symposium 1 ½ years away (OC, MOD, Treasurer)
• AOB
• Adjourn

SAVMA Symposium IVSA activities

The SAVMA Symposium is a great opportunity to hold an IVSA ExCo Live meeting, as 2 ExCo members usually already attend making it easier to meet quorum, while saving expenses. There are also quite a few international students that attend the symposium and serve as an opportunity to recruit more members. The Symposium OCs sometimes offer free accommodation for international students which make the expenses reasonable, and as they are students of the hosting vet school they can help getting classrooms for meetings, etc. There sometimes is also a scholarship opportunity for international students (500$ each in 2013) which make it easier for the officers (who don’t get full reimbursement) to travel. The ExCo meeting usually takes place the day before the symposium begins, giving ExCo plenty (or almost plenty) of time to go through all the agendas. They can also decide on the upcoming schedule during the symposium.

Planning

• Plan the trip together - When everyone is arriving and where, whether a rental car is needed, keep track of people who will have roaming service in case of emergency, where everybody is staying, when everyone is leaving (in case of unfinished projects or taking care of items, etc.)
• Communication before the trip - attending officers should know what they are expected to do – booth schedule, DF auction help (DAD), attending house of delegates meeting (President, President-Elect). If there are not as many attendees and number of hands are low, IVSA could pay symposium fee for attendees and restrict any symposium activity (wet labs/lecture/daytrips) altogether to keep as many people on the job (just a suggestion).
• Take nothing for granted (OCs don’t always get a good handover from previous symposium hosts) - make sure IVSA is getting a booth/auction opportunity, as some OCs might not offer the same as previous years.
• DAD should try to provide OCs with the material needed in advance (in 2013 we managed to get 10 tables and items that covered them up, resulting in almost $2000); check the DAD manual.
• Try to make all symposium attendees aware of the DF auction, ask the symposium OC to add notices in their emails.
• Prepare to decorate booth with pictures, flyers, brochures, newsletters or journals, flags, banners (PRC should aid with printable material).
• If someone needs more help, or should be somewhere unexpectedly, there should be an emergency communication plan - maybe as simple as whether leaving notes for each other or getting pre-paid phones, you still need a rule to keep as many people informed as possible.

At the Symposium

• Symposium OCs usually do a good job in showing their local culture, and also put up pretty nice parties which are good networking opportunities.
• The lecturers come from all over the country, and are well known in their fields, take advantage if possible!
• Daytrips are also recommended, if there is no time before or after to explore the local area.
• Buddy up with hosting students and try to be polite and grateful for what they are doing – it’s a lot of work – even more than it seems – and they could be under a lot of stress.
• Try to get as many pictures as possible, for record/publication purposes (or for if school requires personal reports to skip classes).
• During the Symposium, a lot of important meetings are taking place. If the President and President-Elect are present at the Symposium, they are expected to attend the SAVMA House of Delegates sessions (1st and 2nd day of the Symposium). Please be aware that there is a dress code for the meetings. Usually it’s business attire, but check in advance.
• There are also some IVSA related events that everyone (or as many as possible, at least the President) should attend, such as the international attendee breakfast or the IVSA SAVMA local representative meeting (usually on the 3rd day of Symposium).

World Healthcare Students’ Association (WHSS)

The involvement of IVSA with the WHSS is governed by the WHSS Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), in which more information can be found.

IVSA’s involvement with WHSS is not via SCOH, but through a Contact Person (CP) and Joint Working Group Representative. Some information from the MoU is shown here. If you are not the Contact Person as President, you should ensure that someone else is appointed to the position of Contact Person (and therefore that the JWG representative fulfills their tasks). You should ensure that the JWG representative has signed the JWG representative contract.

3.1. Composition

The Joint Working Group shall comprise of one representative from each Partner Organisation.

The JWG representative from each Partner Organisation shall be present for the duration of the whole event and two days before. While voting within the JWG each representative shall be entitled to one vote.

3.2. Role of the JWG

3.2.1. The World Healthcare Students' Symposium and activities leading up to and following on from the event shall be the responsibility of the Joint Working Group.

3.2.2. The Joint Working Group shall give a recommendation to the stakeholders on the applying associations to be the Organising Committee for World Healthcare Students' Symposium events.

3.2.3. The tasks of the Joint Working group shall entail:

a. Releasing calls for bids to host future WHSS and considering received applications two years in advance.

b. Appointment of the JWG Chairperson the latest at the 1st in-person meeting of the Joint Working Group.

c. Setting a public work plan at the beginning of the JWG mandate and issuing formal activity reports every 3 months.

d. Organisation and attendance of at least two joint meetings (in-person) before WHSS.

e. Planning for the educational programme and arranging for speakers, according to the agreed timeline.

f. Contribution to the planning and organisation of joint initiatives such as educational/public health projects.

g. Carrying body of work in order to actively promote WHSS.

h. Developing and issuing press releases and joint statements on the subject of WHSS.

i. Attending WHSS to facilitate smooth running of the event, being at the venue two days prior to the event as well as organising the post-event report and follow up.

j. Performing review of the WHSS Memorandum of Understanding with the Partner Organisations in the end of the JWG mandate.

3.3. Commitment

Should a JWG representative fail in their duties and responsibilities resulting from this Memorandum of Understanding, the remaining members of the JWG may take a decision of removal of such a representative if consensus is reached. The parent Partner Organisation shall be informed to provide a suitable replacement.

5.1. Contact Person (CP)

5.1.1. Partner Organisations shall each deliver one Contact Person within their Executive Boards who supervises the representatives in the Joint Working Group (JWG) and stays in close contact with the other Contact Persons of the other Partner Organisations.

5.1.2. Tasks of the Contact Person of each Partner Organisation shall entail:

a. Being responsible for an internal appointment of a JWG representative within frameworks established in the respective Partner Organisation and within agreed timeline.

b. Being responsible to discuss and vote within the respective Executive Board on the applying associations for being the Organising Committee of the WHSS within the agreed timeline.

c. Maintaining contact and communication with other CPs

d. Supervising the work of the JWG representatives.

e. Following up on the JWG tasks and responsibilities in case of absence of such representative.

f. Being responsible for the promotion of WHSS within his/her organisation.

g. Supervising the selection of delegates of the organisation in WHSS.

5.2. Joint Working Group (JWG) representative

5.2.1. Partner Organisations shall each nominate one representative to form the Joint Working Group (JWG). Each nominated person shall be committed to working in the JWG for two years, without any other significant commitments in his/her own organisation.

5.2.2. Partner Organisations shall be fully held responsible for the work of their representatives, in case when a lack of commitment would occur, the organisation shall be obliged to find a substitute.

5.2.3. Each Partner Organisation shall remain accountable to ensure active representatives on the Joint Working Group. Inability to meet the required responsibilities and agreed commitment shall necessitate of a review of the position of the organisation.

Immediate Past President

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