(CNN)The two sides battling for control of the Libyan capital Tripoli have engaged in "shameful" attacks on civilian neighborhoods that could amount to war crimes, Amnesty International said.
Renegade Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar, who has been praised by President Donald Trump, commands the Libyan National Army, which in April began an offensive to seize the city from the United Nations-backed Government of National Accord.
Libya has been plagued by violence since the ouster and killing of longtime strongman Moammar Gadhafi in 2011.
More than 400 people have been killed in the latest offensive and over 2,000 wounded, according to the World Health Organization. The UN's humanitarian affairs office said more than 60,000 people have fled their homes.
Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Fighters from forces of the UN-backed Libyan government are seen during clashes with Libyan National Army (LNA) troops at the Al-Yarmook frontline in Tripoli, Libya, on May 9.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
A fighter from forces of the UN-backed Libyan government is seen in Salah Al-Din frontline, Tripoli, Libya, May 6.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Libyans hold a demonstration at Martyrs' Square against military operations by forces loyal to Haftar in Tripoli on Friday, May 3.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Fighters loyal to the Government of National Accord run for cover during clashes with forces loyal to Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar south of the Tripoli suburb of Ain Zara on April 25.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
A fighter loyal to the internationally recognized Government of National Accord stands on a rooftop as smoke rises in the distance during clashes with forces loyal to Haftar in Espiaa, about 40 kilometers (25 miles) south of Tripoli, on April 29.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Fighters loyal to the Government of National Accord get into position during clashes with forces loyal to Haftar in Ain Zara, Triploli, on April 25.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Libyans pray by the bodies of fighters loyal to the Government of National Accord during their funeral in Tripoli on April 24.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Libyans gather during the funeral of fighters loyal to the Government of National Accord in Tripoli on April 24.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Members of Libya's internationally recognized government forces fire during fighting with Haftar's forces in Ain Zara on April 20.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
A Libyan fighter loyal to the Government of National Accord fires a rocket propelled grenade during clashes with forces loyal to Haftar south of Ain Zara, on April 20.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
A Libyan fighter loyal to the Government of National Accord fires as a fellow fighter holds a bullet chain during clashes with Haftar's troops south of Ain Zara on April 20.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
A troop loyal to Libya's Government of National Accord gestures on April 18, after the GNA took control of the area of al-Aziziyah, about 40 kilometers (25 miles) south of Tripoli.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Damaged vehicles are seen after forces led by Haftar carried out rocket attacks in the Abu Salim neighborhood in Tripoli on April 17.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
A fighter loyal to Libya's Government of National Accord waves from a crater reportedly caused by an airstrike west of the city of Aziziyah, southwest of Tripoli, on April 14.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Smoke rises from an airstrike behind a tank and improvised fighting truck belonging to forces loyal to Libya's Government of National Accord, during clashes in Wadi Rabie, south of Tripoli, on April 12.
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Photos: In pictures: Battle in Tripoli as death toll rises in Libya
Fighters loyal to Haftar are imprisoned by forces from the UN-backed Government of National Accord in Ain Zara on April 11.
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Trump was strongly criticized for praising Haftar last month as his forces moved in on the capital. The White House's official readout of a phone call between Trump and Haftar, who holds US citizenship, made no mention of the offensive on Tripoli, which Secretary of State Mike Pompeo had criticized earlier in April.
"As the battle for Tripoli unfolds, the warring parties have displayed a shameful disregard for civilian safety and international humanitarian law by carrying out indiscriminate attacks on residential neighborhoods," said Magdalena Mughrabi, Amnesty International's deputy Middle East and North Africa deputy director.
"Such reckless attacks could have devastating consequences for civilians and strengthen the need for the International Criminal Court to expand its investigations into possible war crimes by all sides in Libya's conflict."
Amnesty International said satellite images and witness testimony indicated that "densely populated residential areas in the Abu Salim district of Tripoli were indiscriminately attacked with rockets during an episode of intense fighting between 15-17 April."
Haftar's forces and a local militia affiliated with the Government of National Accord blamed each other for the indiscriminate attacks in southern Tripoli. Residents interviewed by Amnesty International told the NGO they believed Haftar's forces were responsible.
"Deliberate attacks on civilians and civilian property, and indiscriminate attacks that kill or injure civilians, amount to war crimes. All sides have an absolute obligation under international law to protect civilian lives and to clearly distinguish between civilians and fighters during their attacks," Mughrabi said.
Libya's Khalifa Haftar salutes during a military parade in the eastern city of Benghazi on May 7, 2018.
Haftar took part in the coup that brought Gadhafi to power 50 years ago. Now in his mid-70s, he has sent his forces across the desert from Benghazi in a bid to seize the country for himself.
Haftar's main supporters are Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates.
The Government of National Accord has the recognition of the United Nations but has difficulty enforcing its rule beyond the capital. It is hobbled by internal feuds and depends for security on rival militia, most of whom have an Islamist complexion.