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<p>A 13-year-old orphan, a survivor of the <a href="/narrative/3880/en">Mauthausen</a> concentration camp. Photograph taking following <a href="/narrative/2317/en">liberation</a> of the camp. Austria, May 1945.</p>

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<p>A 13-year-old orphan, a survivor of the <a href="/narrative/3880/en">Mauthausen</a> concentration camp. Photograph taking following <a href="/narrative/2317/en">liberation</a> of the camp. Austria, May 1945.</p>
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13-year-old survivor of the Mauthausen concentration camp
<p>A cheering crowd greets Adolf Hitler as he enters <a href="/narrative/6000/en">Vienna</a>. Austria, March 1938.</p> <p>After a prolonged period of economic stagnation, political dictatorship, and intense Nazi propaganda inside <a href="/narrative/5815/en">Austria</a>, German troops entered the country on March 12, 1938. They received the enthusiastic support of most of the population. Austria was incorporated into Germany the next day.</p>
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A crowd cheers Hitler in Vienna
<p>Frieda Greinegger during a family outing to a park in the mid-1930s. Frieda would later spend almost two years in the <a href="/narrative/4015/en">Ravensbrück</a> concentration camp as punishment for consorting with a Polish forced laborer, <a href="/narrative/6763/en">Julian Noga</a>. Austria, ca. 1935.</p>
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A family outing in happier times
<p>Onlookers watch as a Jewish man is forced to paint anti-Jewish graffiti on a shuttered storefront. <a href="/narrative/6000/en">Vienna</a>, Austria, March 1938.</p>
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A Jewish man is forced to paint anti-Jewish graffiti on a storefront in Vienna
<p>A pile of corpses at the Russian Camp (Hospital Camp) section of the <a href="/narrative/3880/en">Mauthausen</a> concentration camp after <a href="/narrative/2317/en">liberation</a>. Mauthausen, Austria, May 5-15, 1945.</p>
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A pile of corpses in the Mauthausen concentration camp
Alice Edelstein-Friedmann
ID Card
Alice Edelstein-Friedmann
<p>An SS officer stands in front of Jews assembled for deportation. Vienna, Austria, 1941-1942.</p>
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An SS officer standing in front of Jews assembled for deportation
<p>Adolf Hitler and his entourage view a military parade following the annexation of <a href="/narrative/5815/en">Austria</a> (the <em>Anschluss</em>). Vienna, Austria, March 1938.</p>
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Annexation of Austria
<p>German troops entered Austria on March 12, 1938. The annexation of Austria to Germany was proclaimed on March 13, 1938. In this German newsreel footage, Austrians express overwhelming enthusiasm for the Nazi takeover of their country.</p>
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Annexation of Austria
<p>In an attempt to prevent the German annexation of Austria, Austrian chancellor Kurt von Schusnigg proposed a plebiscite on Austrian independence. This German newsreel footage shows pro-German residents of Graz expressing their opposition to the plebiscite. On the following day, March 13, 1938, the residents of Graz and other Austrian cities celebrated the resignation of the Austrian government and the proclamation of union with Germany (the Anschluss).</p>
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Annexation of Austria
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Anschluss, March 1938
<p>A Jewish-owned cafe in <a href="/narrative/6000/en">Vienna</a> that was defaced with antisemitic graffiti. Vienna, Austria, November 1938.</p>
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Antisemitic graffiti in Vienna, Austria
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Austria 1933, Vienna indicated
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Austria, 1933
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Austria, 1945
<p>Corpses of victims of the Gunskirchen subcamp of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Austria, after May 5, 1945.</p>
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Bodies of victims of the Gunskirchen subcamp of Mauthausen

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