can every educator and bankers find a belt road story they trust?

we recommend looking at BR's impacts along 4 of history's futures- up to 1500, 1500 to 1946, 1946 to 2013, 2013 on

A) 1500-1946 nature's cruel trick A0 Nature's cruel trick : not making the whole of eurasia 10 degrees lower in latitude- had this been so the costal belt of nort eurasia would have been free to sail and the following history which changed the world from economies approximately proprortiante to population size to one where empires like UK grew and grew while decimating livelihoods of people in india and south asia,, wouldn't have happened A1 History's future started changing:around 1500 north sea european nations discovered they could sail round Africa to reach the south eurasia coastal belt which had previously been assumed to be landlocked (eg marco pole's sil road route to china sailed from venice to lebanon and then started nearly 7 yreas overland treck to china with north india about half way in between; from 1500 it took ships about 6 months from UK to get to mumbai; these were unhealthy votges for the crew who were often pressganged so trading ships armed captains to the teeth both to control the crew and to impose what trade was done when they reached oriental nations; soon the east india's company's trade extended to colonising spaces all along the s. eusrasia coastline. Zero-sum or below zero-sum trading models replaced Eurasia's world class  win-win trading route (Silk Road) A2 More generally we can compare all colonisation trading models that emerged after 1500 across contients as well as regional decelarations to be free of colonisation eg USA 1776. By this time the map of what did your coastal belt trading map look like was soon to inytegrate what do yor road (railroad maps) look like whereever (carbon powered ) industriial revolution steam engines  increased the power to trade. Note Empoires motvation was to race to get biuggrer and extract more (with colonies losing more and more) A3 Ultimately the 20th C world wars were about how the empire/colonisation model was not sustainable - it had made some peoples up to 200 times helathier and wealtheir while trapping others in poverty (no access to eg electriyity grids or other drivers of half a millennium of innovation A4 The strangest story of the whole era of empire colonisation involves china - for long the epicentre of the positive trading currencies of spices and silks. By mid 1800s Britain tried to order china that it should accept the currency of opium in ecchnage for spoces and silks; this caused china to clise down from world gtrade for over a centiry. Over a fifth of the wprld's people had been sidelined from the central economy up to 1500 to being valued as less than one twentieth of the world's humn capacity

B) before 1500................. B1 new world (america) unknown to old world Eurasdia and Afrca B2 most peoples livelihood opportunities about the same but specially empowered if med sea facing nation (west end of silk road) or around Hangzhou (East end) praised by marco polo- world's markets B3 Franciscan bottom-up  values (and golden rule religions) celebrated west of Eurasia (south europe, abd MENA); human-spiritual Damo, confucian, zen the east end B4 the silk road was a win-win relay (with happy trading exchanges between neighbors) all along the trading route that med sea is in 2010s is the sea of refugees shows disatrous system design of colonisation and of north-regulted EU ....

C) 1946-2013.... C1 far east started to develop post-colonialwin-win models of trae - making japan 2nd welathoes and diaspora chinaese (suoerports) 3rd by 1970s C2 sadly cold war (floowed by big indsutry addiction to carbon fuels) stopped most other hemispheres from deveoping win-win post colonioal models, let alone smartly conected belt ports and oversland "roads" C3 Particularly unlucky to 1971 was bangladesh- dpuble short straw of colonisation by uk, then west pakista; look today at bangla coastline - why no superport of sort to its east in china? Miraculously Bangladesh and China adopted girls hod up half sky models. Pre-gidital miracles of china and bangal to 1996; post digital miracles from 1996 offer 17 sdg solutions for every developing nation and every coatal belt sea & every contuental mass Roads

D) after 2013.................

Belt 0 China

china's 50 world heritage sites
jan 2017

Full Text of Xi Jinping keynote at the World Economic Forum | CGTN ...

https://america.cgtn.com/2017/.../full-text-of-xi-jinping-keynote-at-the-world-econom...

Published January 17, 2017 at 10:24 AM ... is the full text of Chinese President Xi Jinping's keynotespeech at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland:.

Xi Jinping's Davos Speech Showed the World Has Turned Upside Down

www.newsweek.com/davos-2017-xi-jinping-economy-globalization-protectionism-do...

Jan 18, 2017 - If Xi's opening address to Davos's exclusive club of the economic and political elite is any indication of what is to come in 2017, China could be ...

Top quotes by China President Xi Jinping at Davos 2017 | World ...

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/.../chinas-xi-jinping-at-davos-2017-top-quote...

Jan 17, 2017 - Top quotes by China President Xi Jinping at Davos 2017. 17 Jan 2017 ... Here are some of the key quotes from the speech. “We should recede from our ...

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invitations for world trade to flourish everywhere from china g20 hangzhou summer 2016

great brf interview  1 sir danny alexander aiib beijing   twitter aiib new - first 13 projects started by may17
kuhn closer to china program 4 jun 2017 great on state owned enterprises lists 1 2  3 (top 12 - 4 banks (bank of china, industrial & commercial, constriction bank, industrial bank) 3 oil 1 railways , state grid, mobile com, saic motor, state construct engineering )
interview (min 30 on) with china investment fund (largest sov wealth fund)

China launches $52.5 billion fund to restructure state enterprises ... 2015 restructure report

BRF Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road(2015/03/30) NDRC; search first 65 countries in belt;  china trade research doc issued after belt summit
Belt and Road Portal


BRF interview with bankers - lao (landlocked railway can open up ecotourism forstry, agriculture, mining) and Mattia Romani Euro Recsontruction Bank   (MR green experts with stern)  -pan asia railway through laos  ;;euro and aiib bank road tajikstan  -international import fair beijining 2018; Globalisation 2.0
CDF held march of each year - Published on May 30, 2017 China, though the world's second biggest economy, is still a developing country. This situation will last for a long time and is felt in many ways. We heard from Lu Mai, who connects China and the world through the China Development Forum, while at the same time linking the nation's mainstream groups with the least developed ones through poverty alleviation. China’s State Council issued the National Child Development Plan for Poverty-Stricken Areas. This program emphasizes the importance of education from early childhood to teenage years. Lu Mai, together with his colleagues at China Development Research Foundation, have devoted enormous amounts of energy to building projects for it, from village kindergartens, to free lunch programs at primary schools, and vocational training for teenagers. He briefed us on all these exciting developments.

0:37

ChemChina seals record-breaking Syngenta acquisition

CGTN

• 1 hour ago
• 60 views

China's largest state-owned chemical company, China National Chemical Corporation, has set a record for the country's biggest ...

selection from 2017 forum

CDF Engagement Initiativemore>

• HSBC：Globalisation：Past, Prese...
• SwissRe：The Belt and Road Initi...
• Mizuho Financial Group：Health P...
• MTR：Capture the Opportunities f...
• BCG：Saving Globalization—New T...
• AIA China and the World Economic...
• BCG：Financial Risks and Respons...
• Siemens：Manufacturing Digitaliz...
• Siemens：Integration of the Natu...
• Siemens：Smart Cities
• Linklaters: Getting over the Lin...
• Manulife：Capitalizing on Techno...
• ICTSD：Order or disorder：the fu...
• S&PGlobal：The Next Driver of Re...

6 june 2017 china convenes summit on how can media help youth and educators celebrate heroes of Belt -
2 june 2017 ecommerce data sharing rift between giant chinese networks

1:09

'Made in China' at CES ASIA 2017

CGTN

• 4 hours ago
• 233 views

Among the 450 exhibitors at the show this year, Chinese companies sought to rebuild the image of “Made in China” for the rest of ...

The latter’s relevance of course stems from China’s immense scale and how the political, environmental, and economic conditions in its cities ripple across the world in profound ways, influencing everything from global climate prospects to socioeconomicconditions in industrial communities in the United States.

This makes understanding urban China extremely important, if challenging. Limited data and complex political dynamics complicate the task, but our latest Global Metro Monitor offers one perspective on recent economic trends in China’s large cities. Three findings stand out:

One-third of the world’s 300 largest metropolitan economies are now in China.

Brookings Metro’s Global Metro Monitor draws on GDP and employment data from Oxford Economics to track the economic performance of the world’s 300 largest metropolitan economies, as measured by GDP. When we released the last iteration of the report in 2014, China accounted for fewer than 50 metro areas within the top 300. In this version, measured using 2016 data, this number increased to 103, more than North America and Western Europe combined.

A combination of rapid economic growth and a re-accounting of China’s GDP based on improved measures of the purchasing power of Chinese consumers drove this rapid increase in large metro economies. Even as economic growth in China slowed by recent standards, Chinese metro areas significantly outpaced the rest of the world with 7 percent annual GDP per capita growth between 2014 and 2016 (Figure 1).

Five different urban Chinas drive the nation’s economic growth.

While China’s cities are at the frontier of global growth, many of them are still little known to the world. And in a country this large, there is no one “city type.” Urban China is as complex and varied as the United States. To examine these variations, we classified the 103 Chinese cities in our report into five unique categories based on their size, industrial composition, and growth patterns (Figure 2):

• Two Chinese Giants, Beijing and Shanghai, are economically dominant, together housing 26 million workers and generating over $1.6 trillion in real output.

• Anchor Cities are 14 other metro areas that generated at least $200 billion in real output. They make up a quarter of the nation’s GDP in 2016, including nine provincial-level municipalities or provincial capitals (Tianjin, Chongqing, Zhengzhou, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, Chengdu) and five coastal cities that are home to some of the world’s busiest container ports (Qingdao, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Shenzhen).

• China’s own Rust Belt contains six metro areas (Harbin, Daqing, Changchun, Jilin, Shenyang, Dalian) in Northeast China, struggling to counter the decline of the nation’s coal and steel industry.

We differentiate China’s remaining 81 metro areas—most of them mid-sized (average employment of 1.6 million and average GDP of $106.9 billion)—based on their industrial structure:

• In 24 metro areas, services account for a higher share of the economy than industry. We categorize these as Service Cities.

• In 57 metro areas, industry accounts for a higher share of the economy than services. We categorize these as Industry Cities.

The “five urban Chinas” have differing economic performance, over both the short and long term.

How do these five types of metro areas perform economically? To measure economic performance, we utilize two indicators—total employment and GDP per capita—and take into account both the rate of growth and magnitude of change in those indicators between 2014 and 2016, the latest data available. We then rank all 103 Chinese metro areas on this combined index.

The two Giants and 14 Anchor Cities perform generally well among the 103 Chinese metro areas, with a mean index rank of 26 and 18, respectively (Figure 3). Rust Belt metro areas occupy the bottom of the rankings, with an average rank of 94. The performance of mid-sized metro areas is more mixed, although Service Cities (48) perform slightly better than Industry Cities (58). 

These short-term growth dynamics represent the latest update of what have been significant long-term differences in economic growth across the five types of Chinese metro areas. Since 2000, these five types of metros have exhibited distinctive employment and GDP per capita growth patterns. While Beijing and Shanghai still get most of the headlines, they no longer serve as the main engines of national economic growth (Figure 4). Domestic migration has been shifting from Beijing and Shanghai to smaller cities for a decade. This trend is likely to persist as China implements population caps in Beijing and Shanghai, leaving little room for additional labor inflows. The gap in average living standards (measured by GDP per capita) between the two Giants and other Chinese metro areas is also shrinking. Since 2000, GDP per capita in China’s 101 metro areas outside of Beijing and Shanghai rose twice as fast as in the two Giants.

Anchor Cities remain significant drivers of growth. These metro areas are usually the regional hubs for transportation, with well-connected domestic high-speed rail and international airports or seaports. They also house many of the country’s tech unicorns, including Alibaba (Hangzhou), Tencent (Shenzhen), and Huawei (Shenzhen). As China’s Anchor Cities transition toward higher-value industries, skilled labor shortages are forcing them to aggressively compete for talented workers, including from Beijing and Shanghai.

Not all Chinese metro areas are thriving, however. China’s own Rust Belt has experienced a decade of weak employment growth and a more recent GDP per capita growth slowdown. Located in the three northeastern provinces, these Rust Belt cities were once home to the nation’s largest manufacturers of cars and aircrafts in the planning era, but started to lose ground as inefficient state-owned enterprises failed to stay profitable in an increasingly competitive market. The region shares the common challenges of industrial decline and population loss that its U.S. counterparts are facing.

Finally, growth trends in Service and Industry Cities have tracked similarly since 2000. Both sets of cities have doubled their labor force and quintupled GDP per capita in the 16-year span. This similarity is not surprising as many Service Cities were, in fact, industrial hubs of the past. Meanwhile, China has incentivized coastal manufacturers to move inland instead of abroad, allowing less developed cities across central China to follow the same industrial development roadmap as their coastal counterparts.

The rapid growth in coastal metro areas that traditionally depended on industry has resulted in rising wages and land prices. Cities like Fuzhou, Xiamen, Wenzhou—the three Service Cities that ranked among the top 10 on the Economic Performance Index—have benefited largely from booming financial services and e-commerce, despite their heavy reliance on manufacturing less than a decade ago. On the other hand, Zhanjiang—the only Service City ranked in the bottom 10—has been unable to find a new growth industry to counteract the decline of its industrial base.

A closer look at the Pearl River Delta—a region of nine cities and 60 million people—exemplifies this dynamic (Figure 5). Once the “factory of the world,” the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region is in the midst of a dramatic economic transition. In some parts of the region, cities are thriving. Guangzhou leads the nation in cross-border e-commerce, and Shenzhen has emerged as the Silicon Valley of China. At the same time, in other corners of the region’s cities—such as Dongguan, Foshan, Jiangmen, Zhongshan, and Zhuhai—are experiencing slow growth or decline as they struggle to evolve their economies away from competing on low costs towards new product innovation. The losses in these cities have been gains for cheaper nearby cities such as Huizhou and Zhaoqing, which are still rooted in industry. Like China itself, the PRD is not a monolith, and whether its economy will remain rooted in the past or embrace a high-tech rebirth remains to be seen.

China’s unprecedented urbanization ensures that its cities will collectively shape and define national trends related to infrastructure, technology, and economic growth. And because those cities loom large on the world’s economic stage, their continued evolution will help dictate key global economic, social, and environmental outcomes.

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