|
By Leopold
Kudrna, with Biographical Essays by Digby Smith.
Austrian
Generals
1792-1815
K
Kaim to Kuttalek
| K1 |
Kaim,
(Johann) Konrad Valentin
Kaim, (Johann)
Konrad Valentin Ritter von |
Dates of Life
Born: Gengenbach (free imperial
city), 28.11.1737 (baptism)
Died: WIA at the Mincio (Pozzolo)
/ Lombardy, 25.12.1800 à Udine
/ Venetia, 16.02.1801
Name Variants
also: Keim1
Family Status
Married (1): Johanna Franziska Rienecker (1747-1768)
Married (2): 1776 Katharina Viallan (also: Violand
?) (17??-1792)
Promotions
France:
Major
Into Austrian service: 25.09.1770
Major: 25.09.1770
Oberstleutnant: 28.06.1785
Oberst: 19.11.1788 (w.r.f. 20.10.1788)
Generalmajor: 01.01.1794 (w.r.f. 06.11.1791)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.03.1797 (w.r.f. 14.01.1797)
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Verona: 26.03.1799 (+/–)
Commander of the Austrian forces during the siege
of Pizzighettone: 09.-11.05.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces during the siege
of Turin: 11.-20.06.1799 (+)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments
(Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 19.11.1792
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments
(Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Konrad Valentin von Kaim was born in 1737. At the
age of 57 he received his promotion to Generalmajor (1 January 1794) and
put in command of an infantry brigade in Alvinczy's Reserve under Sachsen-Coburg
in the Netherlands. In 1795, he served in Wurmser's Army of the Rhein and on
18 October took part in the successful assault on Mainz. The next year (1796),
he commanded a grenadier brigade in Riese's division in Baillet-de-Latour's Right
Wing of Wurmser's Army of the Upper Rhine. With his grenadiers Kaim took part
in the battle of Würzburg. Erzherzog Carl pushed the French armies back
over the Rhine and left them in such a state, that they were unable to act with
Napoleon in 1797. In early 1797, the divisions of Kaim and Mercandin were transferred
to northern Italy to reinforce Erzherzog Carl against Napoleon there. On 1 March
1797 Kaim was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant.
In 1799 Kaim commanded a division in Kray's army.
From mid-March, his division was detached on the upper Etsch; the brigades of
Elsnitz and Gottesheim were used to work on the defences of Pastrengo (between
Verona and Lake Garda). On 26 March 1799 he was wounded at Pastrengo (between
Verona and Lake Garda), but fought again in the victory at Magnano on 5 April
that year. In early 1800 he commanded a division in the Turin area. The same
function he hold in FML Hadik's Main Column at Marengo on 14 June 1800. During
th battle on the Mincio River (25 December 1800) Kaim was mortally wounded, and
died two months later, on 16 February 1801 in Udine.
Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.76 | Bodart, p.330, 333,
337 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.353f. | Kempf, Johann: FML Johann Valentin
von Keim. In: Die Ortenau. Veröffentlichungen des Historischen Vereins für
Mittelbaden, year 1930, Offenburg 1930, p.37ff. (wrong: GM in 12.1793 / FML in
02.1797) | MD 3, p.39 (wrong: b. Offenburg, 1731) | ÖMKL 3,
p.418f. (wrong: b. Offenburg, 1731 / GM in 12.1893 / FML in 02.1797) | MilSchem | Wurzbach
10, p.354f. (wrong: b. Offenburg, 1731)
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/kaim.html)
(wrong: b. Offenburg, 1731)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale (wrong: b. 1731)
Notes
1) Although the spelling "Keim" is
used in many contemporary sources, the correct spelling of his name is "Kaim" (see:
baptism record of Gengenbach and the inscriptions on the tombestones of his two
wives).
| K2 |
Kalnássy
von Kalnás, Johann |
Dates of Life
Born: 1754
Died: Eperjes / Com. Saros / Hungary, 29.01.1839
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.10.1804 (w.r.f. 29.12.1802)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 13.12.1811
Retired: 1814
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K3 |
Karaczay de
Vályeszáka, Andreas
Karaczay de Vályeszáka,
Andreas Freiherr
Karaczay de Vályeszáka,
Andreas Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Kostajnica / Croatia, 30.11.1744
Died: Wiener Neustadt / Lower Austria, 22.03.18081
Name Variants
also: Karaiczay / also: Wallesaky, Wallje-Szaka
Family Status
Married: Rosalia Freiin von Wimmersberg auf Peterwitz
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1788
Generalmajor: 17.08.1789 (w.r.f. 12.08.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.10.1799
Retired: 1800
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Novi: 24.10.1799 (–)
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr (by elevation of his father): 1775
Graf: 01.10.1798
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.12.1798
/ CC: 19.12.1790
Colonel-Proprietor of the Chevauxleger Regiment N°18
/ (since 1798:) Dragoon Regiment N°4: 17.08.1789 – 1801
Colonel-Proprietor of the Dragoon Regiment N°2:
1801-1802 (disbanded)
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment
N°12 / (since 1802:) N°4: 1801 – 23.03.1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
[Order of St. Anne 1st cl.: 1790]2
Printed Sources
ADB, 15, p.117f. | Bodart, p.346 | Frank
3, p.8 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.293ff. | MD 3, p.41 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.452ff. | Ritter, p.121ff. | Wenzlik-Ebert p.14ff. | Wrede
3, pp.145, 345, 682 | Wurzbach 10, p.456ff. | WZ, 04.05.1808
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) MilSchem: 23.03.1808
(?)
2) Refused due to general
imperial order forbidding acceptance of foreign awards.
| K4 |
Karwinsky
von Karwin, Johann Nepomuk Wenzel
Karwinsky von Karwin, Johann
Nepomuk Wenzel Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: 08.07.1743
Died: 12.02.1815
Promotions
Major: 1779
Oberstleutnant: 1784
Oberst: 1789
Generalmajor (title): 14.05.1794 (w.r.f. 24.02.1794)
Quit: 1794
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 06.08.1813
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.10 | Frank-Döfering, 2103 | Kneschke 5, p.31f. | MilSchem
(year 1815, p.518 wrong: "Karabinsky") | Ogris, Irmtraut: Franz Seraphin
Fürst Orsini-Rosenberg. 1761-1832, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1941, p.54 | Wrede,
DR6, pp.664, 928f.
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K5 |
Kaunitz-Rietberg,
Franz Wenzel Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: Vienna, 02.07.1742
Died: Vienna, 19.12.1825
Family Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 04.03.1763
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 15.08.1765)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 12.04.1783)
Feldzeugmeister: 22.04.1794 (w.r.f. 16.04.1794)
Retired: 04.01.1806
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in the Banal-Karlstadt-Warasdin Military Border: 04.1783 – 12.1791
Commanding General in the Karlstadt-Warasdin Military Border: 12.1791- 01.1797
Commanding General in West Galicia: 01.1797 –
04.1805
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia: 04.1805
– 04.01.1806
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the allied forces at the battle of Merbes-le-Château: 12.05.1794
(–)
Commander of the allied forces at the battle of Grandreng (Rouvroi): 13.05.1794
(+)
Commander of the allied forces at the battle of Erquelinnes (Péchant):
24.05.1794 (+)
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Teutonic Order: 1769
Coadjutor of the Bailiwick Westfalen: 1770-1788
Province Commander (Landkomtur) of the Bailiwick Westfalen: 1788-1806
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°38: 01.05.1773 – 05.1785
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°20: 10.05.1785 – 19.12.1825
I.R. Privy Councillor
I.R. Chamberlain: 1760
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Amon, IR20, pp.214, 448f. | Bodart, p.289, 290 | Buschek, IR23,
I, pp.474, 813f. | MD 3, p.48 (wrong: d. 20.12.1825) | MilSchem | Nekrolog
1825/2, p.1642 | ÖMKL 3, p.500 | Oldenhage, p.85 | Pickl,
p.301 | Täubl, p.190 | Wrede 1, p.257 | Wurzbach 11,
p.59f. | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.36 | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
pp.53, 64, 65
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kaunitz4.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K6 |
Kavanagh,
Moritz Ignaz Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: Bohemia, 1735
Died: Ofen (Buda) / Hungary, 06.04.1801
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1768
Oberst: ~1773
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 27.04.1783)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 25.02.1790)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°12: 1786 – 06.04.1801
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Duffy, p.374 | Kneschke 5, p.45 | MilSchem | Schmidhofer,
p.187f. | Wenke, DR1, p.274 | Wrede 3, p.145
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K7 |
Kavanagh,
Sigmund Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Graz / Styria, 02.05.1792
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 04.04.1783)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem (wrong: d. 01.1792)
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Teschen (Těšin) / Austrian Silesia, 12.10.1809
Name Variants
also: Kaiser
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.09.1807 (w.r.f. 03.08.1805)
Retired: 1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 18.11.1807, 02.12.1809
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K9 |
Keglevich
de Buzin, Georg Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: 20.03.1810
Name Variants
also: Keglević
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor (title a.h.): 03.1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 15.08.1810
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K10 |
Keglevich
de Buzin, Stephan Bernhard Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava) / Hungary, 1740
Died: KIA Uttenhofen, 01.12.1793
Name Variants
also: Keglević
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 01.05.1784
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 17.12.1789)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.73 | MD 3, p.49 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.503 | Wurzbach 11, p.125f.
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K11 |
Keller,
Adam Laurenz von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Vienna, 15.11.1832
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 18.11.1803 (w.r.f. 08.03.1804)
Retired: 1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of Leopold – CC: 07.01.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 09.03.1808
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K12 |
Kempelen
von Pazmánd, Johann Nepomuk
Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: 28.11.1725
Died: 31.03.1801
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 05.03.1774 (w.r.f. 12.05.1765)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K13 |
Kempf
von Mansberg, Joseph (Freiherr ?) |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Innsbruck / Tyrol, 23.08.1800
Name Variants
also: Mannsberg
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 11.06.1794 (w.r.f. 10.04.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 07.09.1799)
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of a family member):
13.02.1758 (with predicate: "von Mansberg")
Freiherr: ?
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.18 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Bellau (Bjelovar, Belovár) / Croatia,
02.10.18131
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 1806 (w.r.f. 22.04.1805)
Retired: 1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Kreipner, IR34, p.377f. | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Schmidt-Brentano: 03.10.1813
(?)
Dates of Life
Born: Nagy-Bánya1 /
Com. Szatmár / Hungary, 1733
Died: Groß-Steffelsdorf (Rima-Szombat) / Com.
Gömör / Hungary, 16.11.1799
Promotions
Major: 01.05.1784
Oberstleutnant: 21.07.1788
Oberst: 15.11.1788
Generalmajor: 14.03.17902
Retired: 02.1790
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, HR10, pp.96, 114f. (wrong: d. Ruma) | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.512f. | Wurzbach 11, p.169
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
ÖMKL: Nagy-Baranya ?
2) Amon, DR10, p.113: 10.02.1790
/ ÖMKL 3, p.513: 19.03.1790 (?)
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava) / Hungary, 31.12.1805
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 03.12.1790
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K17 |
Kerekes,
Timotheus von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Nagy-Enyed / Com. Unter Weißenburg (Also-Feher) / Transylvania, 13.01.1830
Promotions
Major: 05.1794
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 23.06.1808 (w.r.f. 04.07.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 27.04.1813
Retired: 27.04.1812
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, DR10, pp.131, 169 | MilSchem | WZ, 09.07.1808, 11.05.1813,
08.06.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K18 |
Kerpen,
Karl Anton Leopold Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 06.12.1742
Died: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 14.09.1823
Family Status
Brother of K19
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 01.03.1789
Oberst: 10.1790
Generalmajor: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 01.10.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.09.1801 (w.r.f. 01.09.1801)
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Teutonic Order
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Dragoni, IR45, pp.187, 196, 207 | MilSchem | Petiot, p.274
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K19 |
Kerpen,
Wilhelm Lothar Maria Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Illingen / Illingen (sovereign imperial lordship),
24.05.1741
Died: Vienna, 26.12.1823
Family Status
Brother of K18
Unmarried
Promotions
Major: 1778
Oberstleutnant: 1788
Oberst: 1791
Generalmajor: 01.01.17941 (w.r.f.
10.11.1791)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.03.1797 (w.r.f. 18.01.1797)
Feldzeugmeister: 06.09.18082
Retired: 16.11.1813
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in the Tyrol and Vorarlberg (Innsbruck):
10.1796 –
04.1797
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Bohemia: 1803(1805
?) – 1807
Commanding General in Inner Austria: 28.10.1807 – 11.1809
Vice-President of the Aulic War Council: 01.1810 – 16.11.1813
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the (autonomous) Corps in the Tyrol:
10.03.-12.1797
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Salurn: 20.03.1797 (–)
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Teutonic Order: 04.11.1765
Province Commander (Landeskomtur) of the Bailiwick
Altenbiesen: 11.1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°49:
1797 – 26.12.1823
I.R. Privy Councillor: 28.01.1807
I.R. Chamberlain: 28.01.1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Wilhelm Lothar Maria Freiherr von Kerpen was born
on 24 May 1741. After his promotion to Generalmajor in early 1794, he
commanded an infantry brigade in Prugglach's division under Prinz von Sachsen-Coburg
in the Netherlands. In the October of that year he was in FML Graf Baillet de
Latour's division. The same function he hold in 1796 in FML Hotze's division
of Latour's Right Wing of Wurmser's Army of the Upper Rhine. He then served in
Italy, initially as brigade commander in Sebottendorf's division. He did not
serve in Mantua, but was sent into the Tyrol to organize the defence there.
On 1 March 1797, Kerpen received his promotion to Feldmarschalleutnant.
Later that month, French General Joubert was sent into the Tyrol with 20,000
men in the divisions of Delmas, his own and one other. On 20 March, Joubert beat
Kerpen at Salurn on the River Etsch, between Trento and Botzen and caused him
1,000 casualties. On 21 March Joubert fended off an assault by GM Laudon at Neumarkt
and entered Botzen.
Leaving Delmas with 5,000 men in the town, Joubert
advanced to Klausen where, on 22 March, he again defeated Kerpen after a hard
fight. Kerpen fell back, northeast to Mittenwalde on the Eisach River, between
Brixen and Sterzing, uncovering the entrance to the Puster valley. Joubert attacked
him here on 28 March and pushed him back through Sterzing. By this time all the
Tyrol was in uproar against the French and Joubert dared advance no further.
He fell back with his two divisions and took post at Brixen. Here he was assaulted
on 31 March and 2 April. On the latter day, Laudon joined Kerpen and the insurgents
here. They now had 12,000 men together. On 4 April Delmas evacuated Botzen, and
next day, Joubert's whole corps set off east for Villach, fighting their way
through. They reached Villach on 8 May, just after the Peace of Leoben had been
signed. Joubert seems to have lost about 6 – 8,000 men in the Tyrol.
In 1797 Kerpen was appointed Colonel-Proprietor of
Infantry Regiment N°49. In 1808, Kerpen was promoted to Feldzeugmeister,
and six years later retired on 16 November 1813. He died in Vienna on 26 December
1823.
Printed Sources
Amon, IR4, p.256 | ADB 15, p.647 | Bodart,
p.321 | Kneschke 5, p.70 | MD 3, p.52 | MilSchem | ÖBL
3 p.307 | ÖMKL 3, p.516f. (wrong: d. 26.10.1823) | Petiot,
p.273 (wrong: VicePres of the Aulic War Council: 07.1809) | Ritter, p.138ff. | Wrede
1, p.459 | Wurzbach 11, p.194ff. | WZ, 18.11.1807, 21.09.1808,
24.01.1810 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.38 | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
pp.54, 72, 128
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Amon, IR4,
p.256: 27.11.1793 ("mit Allerhöchstem Handbillet vom 27.11.1793, dem Regimente
kundgemacht am 1. Jänner 1794") (?)
2)
ÖMKL 3, p.517: 09.12.1808 (?)
| K20 |
Kesporn,
Franz von
Kesporn, Franz Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: around 1724
Died: (Vienna ?), 04.07.1800
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 08.04.1783)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 29.12.1793 (w.r.f. 20.05.1789)
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 08.08.1764
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank, 3, p.20 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K21 |
Kessler,
Johann Baptist von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: (Zolkiew / Galicia ?), 29.08.1818
Promotions
Major: 01.12.1791
Oberstleutnant: 11.05.1798
Oberst: 07.1799
Generalmajor: 01.09.18051 (w.r.f.
14.01.1804)
Retired: 1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, HR1, pp.106, 167, 183, 212, 492, 494, 496 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Amon, HR1, p.212: 31.08.1805
(?)
| K22 |
Keuhl,
Christoph Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 1732
Died: Vienna, 22.11.1802
Name Variants
also: Kheul, Kheyl
Promotions
Major: E. 1789
Oberstleutnant: 07.1794
Oberst: 1795
Generalmajor: 16.02.1799 (w.r.f. 13.02.1799)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Hubka, IR22, pp. 121, 136, 140 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K23 |
Keuhl,
Karl Franz Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Fiume (Rijeka), 17341
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 11.12.1798
Name Variants
also: Kheul
Promotions
Major: 06.1761
Oberstleutnant2
Oberst: 05.17733
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 01.05.1783)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 21.02.1790)
Retired: 02.1794
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 15.02.1779
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°10:
1790 – 11.12.1798
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.219f. | MD
3, p.54 | Megerle, p.293 (wrong: Mjr
in 1762 / Oberst in 1770) | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.522f. | Wrede 1, p.182
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Hirtenfeld 1, p.219
/ ÖMKL 3, p.522 / Schmidt-Brentano: 1739 (?)
2) Megerle presumably wrong:
1769 (?)
3)
ÖMKL 3, p.522: 01.01.1773 (?)
| K24 |
Khevenhüller-Metsch,
Franz Maria Johann Joseph Graf von
Khevenhüller-Metsch, Franz
Maria Johann Joseph Fürst von |
Dates of Life
Born: Vienna, 07.04.1762
Died: Fronsburg / Lower Austria, 02.07.18371
Family Status
Nephew of K25
Married (1): 1791 Maria Elisabeth Gräfin von
Kuefstein (1771-1798)
Married (2): 1798 Maria Josepha Gräfin von Abensberg
und Traun (1782-1799)
Married (3): 1812 Christine Gräfin Zichy de
Vásonykeö
(1792-1830)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 01.05.1797
Oberst: 07.1799
Generalmajor: 01.09.1805 (w.r.f. 22.01.1804)
Retired: 07.10.1815
Elevation of Social Status
Fürst: 02.06.1823
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Order of Malta
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Amon, IR4, pp.353, 361 | Buschek, IR23, I,
pp.642, 676, 678 | Kreipner, IR34, p.314, 349, 375 | MD 3, p.54 | MilSchem | (Wurzbach
11, p.221: genealogical table II)
Internet Sources
Marek (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/khevenuller.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) MilSchem: 03.07.1837
(?)
| K25 |
Khevenhüller-Metsch,
(Johann) Joseph Franz Quirin Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: 30.03.1733
Died: Vienna, 21.02.1792
Family Status
Uncle of K24
Married: 1774 Maria Josepha Gräfin von Schrattenbach, the widowed Gräfin
von Dietrichstein (1750-1806)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 19.01.1771 (w.r.f. 30.09.1761)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 21.02.1781
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Lieutenant Captain of the First Arcièren Life Guard: 17?? – 21.02.1792
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of St. Stephen – CC
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°12: 1775 – 21.02.1792
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MD 3, p.54 | MilSchem | Wrede 1, p.199 | Wurzbach, 11, p.221
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K26 |
Khuen
von Belasi, Johann Nepomuk Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Chamutitz (Chamutice) / Bohemia, 25.02.1740
Died: Graz / Styria, 16.09.1810
Promotions
Major: 1794
Oberstleutnant: 25.06.1795
Oberst: 05.1797
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 15.12.1800)
Retired: E. 1800
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Decoration of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation: 1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Auer, N°143 | Leitner 2, p.59f. | MD 3, p.55 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.525 | Svoboda 1, col.10 | Wurzbach 11, p.234f.
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K27 |
Kienmayer,
Michael von
Kienmayer, Michael Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Vienna, 17.01.17551
Died: Vienna, 28.10.1828
Family Status
Married: 1801 [N.] von Auernhammer
Promotions
Major: 11.11.1788
Oberstleutnant: 01.08.17892
Oberst: 21.11.17893
Generalmajor: 11.06.17944 (w.r.f.
02.04.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 04.09.1799)
General der Kavallerie: 03.08.18095
Retired: 20.11.1826
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in Silesia (Troppau): 05.1801 – 09.1805
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Hungary: 16.11.1809 – 1813
Commanding General ad interim in Galicia:
07.1813 –
07.1814
Commanding General in Transylvania: 07.1814 – 05.1820
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia: 05.1820 – 01.12.(20.11.)1826
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Frankenmarkt: 17.12.1800 (–)
Commander of the (autonomous) Reserve Corps of the
Army of Germany: 09.-11.1805
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Parsdorf: 12.10.1805 (–)
Commander of the (autonomous) Reserve Corps: 12.1805
Commander of the 2nd Reserve Corps: 02.-05.1809
Commander of the Corps in Saxony: 18.(26.)06.-08.1809
Commander of the 11th Army Corps: 08.-11.1809
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr (by elevation of his father): 30.09.1775
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.12.1789
/ CC: 04.1810
Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°8:
23.01.18026 – 28.10.1828
I.R. Privy Councillor: 12.02.1816
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Hessen-Kassel:
Order of the Golden Lion – GC: 1809/10
Order of Military Merit: 1809/10
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Michael von Kienmayer was born on 17 January 1755
in Vienna; he entered Austrian military service as a cadet in the Infantry Regiment
N°26, in 1774. Next year he transferred to Dragoon
Regiment N°5
"Jung-Modena". In January 1778 he became captain (2nd class) in Hussar Regiment "Barco" N°35.
He fought in the War of the Bavarian Succession 1778 and was distinguished in
Wurmser's raid into the Prussian county of Glatz in Silesia; on 18 January 1779,
he was again to the fore in the capture of the block house at Ober-Schwedeldorf,
being promoted to 1st captain on the field.
The wars against the Turks in 1788/89 gave him more
chances to demonstrate his skills and bravery. On 24 April 1788, 2,000 Turkish
troops made a sortie from the fortress of Chotim on the River Dniestr (now Chochim,
Poland) to attack the weak, 40-man Austrian posts on the pass of Rohatyn (now
Rogatin in the Ukraine) and on the hill at Pojana Losi, when Kienmayer returned
with 13 "Barco" hussars from a scouting patrol. He rallied the tiny Austrian
garrison and repeatedly repelled Turkish assaults, in a fighting withdrawal onto
two companies of Infantry Regiment
"Khevenhüller" N°12.
Kienmayer and his regiment also shone in the siege
of the fortress of Chotim, under command of Prinz Josias von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
by constant harrying of the foraging parties sent out by the Turkish garrison.
In November 1788, Kienmayer was promoted to major. On 21 July 1789, the allied
Austro-Russian army advanced to the battle of Focsani (northeast of Bucharest)
and Kienmayer won more laurels for his raid, which captured the Turkish camp
and baggage, driving the enemy to the River Putna. For this he was promoted to Oberstleutnant.
Again distinguished in the battles of Rimniki (22 September 1789) and Martinesti
(23 September 1789) Kienmayer was sent to carry the news of the victories to
emperor Joseph II. in Vienna.
On 26 October, he was back at the front. He commanded
the advanced guard in the advance into Wallachia, and on 9 November 1789 occupied
Bucharest, which had been abandoned by the Turks. Three days later he was sent
from Kalagureni, with 300 hussars, 500 Arnauten (heavily armed Albanians) and
two guns, to scout the land around the fortress of Giurgiu, on the north bank
of the Danube, south of Bucharest. On the way, Kienmayer heard that the fortress
commander, Jussuf Pasha, was on a foraging raid in the nearby village of Onyak.
Kienmayer at once planned to take him, which was done just after dusk. Jussuf
Pasha, his escort and some 2,000 cattle and horses were taken. That same month,
he was promoted to Oberst and given command of Chevauxleger Regiment "Levenehr" N°19.
As a result of his outstanding behavior during the campaign of 1789 he was awarded
the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order at the end of that year.
In April 1792, Kienmayer was posted to command Hussar
Regiment "Barco" N°35 and sent to Flanders. He was distinguished, first in
the clash at Solre-le-Chateau (23 April 1794), then at Rouvroi on 13 May, where,
as part of FZM Kaunitz-Rietberg's corps, he charged a French column under GdD
Louis Charbonnier (6,000 strong) with four squadrons of his regiment and threw
them back into the Sambre. Only five years after his appointment to colonel Kienmayer
received his promotion to Major General on 11 June 1794.
In 1796 Kienmayer served under Erzherzog Carl, commanding
a mixed brigade of two battalions of the O'Donell Freicorps and eight squadrons
of the "Barco"
Hussars, in Staader's division of the Army of the Lower Rhine. He distinguished
himself in the clash of Sulzbach-Rosenfeld on 17 August 1796 and also fought
at the battle of Würzburg. On 4 September 1796, Kienmayer led Hussar Regiment
N°2 to capture an enemy magazine at Wertheim on the River Main, and then
took ten ships, laden with 60 guns and 340 barrels of powder at Freudenberg,
further downstream. He was again distinguished on 21 March 1799 in the battle
of Ostrach and again at Stockach on 25 March of the same year.
On 24 May 1799, Kienmayer commanded the advanced
guard at Andelfingen in northern Switzerland, during the retreat, when he held
up the six-times-stronger pursuing French under Ney for hours and then escaped
with his men by swimming the River Thur. For this he was promoted Feldmarschalleutnant on
6 March 1800. On 25 April 1800, his division was attacked by GdD Saint-Suzanne
near Buhl on the upper Rhine. He conducted a skillful fighting withdrawal, allowing
his commander, FZM von Kray, time to concentrate his corps and to send him support.
Kienmayer also fought in the battle of Biberach (9 May 1800) and commanded the
allied right wing in the defeat at Hohenlinden on 3 December 1800. In January
1802, he was appointed Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°8.
For the 1805 campaign he commanded an independent
corps under FML Werneck's overall command. At Austerlitz he was put in command
of the Austrian Avantgarde of the 1st allied Column of General Buxhoewden.
In 1809 Kienmayer fought with distinction at Aspern,
where he led a division in the I Reserve Corps. On 18 June he received his appointment
to command the XI Corps, operating against King Jerome in the Bamberg area. On
28 June, he beat off a Westphalian assault at Nossen, in Saxony and on 8 July,
he joined GM Radivojevich at Gefrees, to defeat GdD Junot. His actions in that
campaign won him the Comander's Cross of the MMTO and promotion to General
der Kavallerie on 3 August. After that campaignKienmayer served in Hungary
as Inspector General of Cavalry. In 1814 he was appointed Commanding General
of Transylvania and
– in 1820 – of Moravia and Silesia. He retired in 1826 and died in
Vienna on 28 October 1828.
Printed Sources
ADB 15, p.723ff. | Am Ende, Ch.G. Ernst: Feldmarschall-Lieutenant
Carl Friedrich am Ende besonders sein Feldzug in Sachsen 1809, Vienna 1878 | Amon,
HR10, pp.96, 104, 111, 130, 135f. | Bodart, pp.358, 364 | Frank
3, p.31 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.882ff. | MilSchem (wrong: d. 18.10.1828) | Nekrolog
1828/2, N°1123 (p.970) | ÖBL 3, p.324 | ÖMKL 3, p.526ff. | ÖMZ,
year 1835, vol.4, p.286ff. [= part 1: 1779-1794] and year 1836, vol.1, p.275ff.
[= part 2: 1795-1809]: Gebler, Wilhelm: Kriegsszenen aus dem Leben des k.k. Generalen
der Kavallerie Freiherrn Michael von Kienmayer. Aus den hinterlassenen Papieren
des Verewigten und den
östreichischen Feldakten dargestellt [necrology inclusive]. | ÖMZ,
year 1836, vol.2, p.31ff.: G-r: Dienstes-Jubelfeier des kommandirenden Generalen
in Mähren und Schlesien. Michael Freiherrn von Kienmayer ... abgehalten
zu Brünn am 16. November 1824. | Wrede 3, p.271 | Wurzbach
11, p.244ff. | WZ, 25.11.1809, 20.02.1816 | Zivkovic, Generalität,
p.38 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.53, 58, 63, 74, 129, 131
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/kienmayer.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
ÖMZ, year 1835: 17.01.1756 (?)
2)
ÖMZ, year 1835: 13.04.1789 (?) / Amon, DR10, p.104: 13.08.1789 (?)
3)
ÖMZ, year 1835: 21.09.1789 and 21.11.1789 (?) / Amon, DR10, p.111: 10.11.1798
(?)
4)
ÖMZ, year 1835 / Amon, DR10, p.135f.: 28.05.1794 (?)
5) Zivkovic, Generalität:
31.07.1809 (?)
6)
ÖMZ, year 1835: 12.06.1802 (?)
| K28 |
Kinsky
von Wchinitz und Tettau, Franz de
Paula Ulrich Graf
Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau,
Franz de Paula Ulrich Fürst |
Dates of Life
Born: Zlonitz (Zlonice) / Bohemia, 23.04.17261
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 18.12.1792
Family Status
Uncle of K30 and K31
Married: 1749 Maria Sidonie Gräfin von Hohenzollern-Hechingen
(1729-1815)
Promotions
Major: –
Oberstleutnant:
–
Oberst: 10.02.1754
Generalmajor: 25.06.1757 (w.r.f. 26.01.1757)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 19.03.1759
Feldzeugmeister: 25.01.1767 (w.r.f. 29.11.1766)
Feldmarschall: 18.03.1778
Elevation of Social Status
Fürst (by succession): 23.09.1752
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Director-General of Artillery: 02.17722 – 01.01.1778
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of the Golden Fleece: 21.09.1771
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 07.03.1758
/ CC: 15.10.1758
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°36:
1761 – 18.12.1792
I.R. Privy Councillor: 28.01.1767
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
ADB 15, p.752f. | Folkmann, Josef Erwin: Die
gefürstete Linie des uralten und edlen Geschlechtes Kinsky. Ein geschichtlicher
Versuch, Prague 1861, p.66f. | Hirtenfeld 1, p.202ff. | MD 3, p.57 | MilSchem,
especially: year 1797, p.222ff. | ÖMKL 3, p.531f. | Wrede
1, p.375 | Wurzbach 11, p.295f. | Zivkovic, Generalität, pp.12,
33 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.12
Internet Sources
Boettger
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kinski3.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/kinsky.html)
Notes
1) Marek, Theroff: 23.07.1726
(?)
2) Folkmann: 02.04.1772
(?)
| K29 |
Kinsky
von Wchinitz und Tettau, Franz de
Paula Joseph Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: 12.10.1768
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 04.01.1843
Family Status
Nephew of K33
Brother of K32
Married: 1834 Sophia Koerner (1815-1884)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 02.1804 (w.r.f. 12.03.1804)
Feldmarschalleutnant (title a.h.): 15.03.1833
Retired: 15.03.1833
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MD 3, p.57 | MilSchem | (Wurzbach 11, genealogical table I)
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kinski2.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/kinsky.html)
| K30 |
Kinsky
von Wchinitz und Tettau, Franz Joseph
Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 06.12.17391
Died: Vienna, 09.06.1805
Family Status
Nephew of K28
Brother of K31
Uncle of K33
Married: 1779 Maria Renata Gräfin von und zu
Trauttmansdorff (1741-1808)
Promotions
Major: 13.10.1764
Oberstleutnant:
–
Oberst: 24.02.1768
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 14.07.1770)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 19.03.1785 (w.r.f. 18.03.1785)
Feldzeugmeister: 22.09.1794 (w.r.f. 19.04.1794)2
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Local Director of the Wiener Neustadt Military Academy:
12.07.1779 – 21.03.1785
Supreme Director of the Wiener Neustadt Military
Academy: 21.03.1785 –
09.06.1805
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°47:
13.06.17793 – 09.06.1805
I.R. Privy Councillor: 03.12.1801
I.R. Chamberlain: 1760
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Franz Josef Graf Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau was
born on 6 December 1739 in Prague; he entered Austrian military service in 1759
and by 1769 was Oberst and CO of an infantry regiment. He raised a cadet
school in his regiment at his own expense. This was the first institution of
its type in the Austrian army. On 1 May 1773, he was promoted to Generalmajor and
on 19 March 1785 to Feldmarschalleutnant. In the War of the Bavarian Succession
in 1778 he commanded a column in the raid on Habelschwerdt. In 1779, count Kinsky
became Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°47 and was then appointed
Director of the Wiener Neustadt Military Academy, a post which he hold until
his death. In early 1794, he commanded an infantry division of the brigades of
Heister and Mittrowsky, under Sachsen-Coburg in the Netherlands. That year Kinsky
received his promotion to Feldzeugmeister. In 1805 he fell ill and died
in Vienna, on 9 June.
Printed Sources
ADB 15, p.773f. | Amon, IR47, pp.285, 439ff. | Leitner
1, p.159ff. | MD 3, p.57 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.534ff. | ÖMZ
year 1826, vol.1, p.320ff. and vol.2, p.61ff.: Des k.k. Feldzeugmeisters Grafen
Franz Kinsky gesammelte Schriften | ÖMZ, year 1828, vol.4, p.135ff.:
Schels, Johann Baptist: Biographie des k.k.
östreichischen Feldzeugmeisters Grafen Franz Kinsky | Ritter, p.1(bis)ff.
(wrong date of death) | Svoboda 1, p.Xf. | Wrede 1, p.444 | Wurzbach
11, p.290ff. | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.36 | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
p.35
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kinski2.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/kinsky.html)
Notes
1) MD / Marek / Theroff:
also 23.04.1737 (?)
2)
ÖMZ ("by supreme imperial handbill ...") / Zivkovic, Heerführer: 22.04.1794
(?)
3) Amon, IR47, p.285: 16.06.1779
(?)
| K31 |
Kinsky
von Wchinitz und Tettau, Joseph Graf |
Dates
of Life
Born: Prague (Praha)
/ Bohemia, 22.02.1731
Died: Vienna, 07.02.1804
Family
Status
Nephew of K28
Brother of K30
Uncle of K33
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 24.06.1767
(w.r.f. 04.07.1761)
Feldmarschalleutnant:
19.01.1771 (w.r.f. 16.01.1768)
General der Kavallerie:
08.09.1787
Feldmarschall: 22.05.1796
Posts
and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in
Hungary: 1787 – 09.1790
Commanding General in
Upper and Lower Austria and (since 22.05.1796 also:) in Anterior Austria: 09.1790 – 05.09.1800
Field
Service (1788-1815)
Commander of the main
army: 11.1788 – 04.1789
Orders,
Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian
Order – KC: 30.04.1762
Colonel-Proprietor of
the Dragoon Regiment N°7 / (since 1775:) Chevauxleger Regiment N°7 /
(since 1798:) Dragoon Regiment N°12 / (since 1802:) Chevauxleger Regiment
N°5: 01.03.1773 – 07.02.1804
I.R. Privy Councillor
Orders,
Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed
Sources
ADB 15, p.774f. | MD
3, p.57 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.532ff. | Pizzighelli,
DR10, pp.181, 240 | Wrede 3, p.192 | Wrede (6), p.29 | Wurzbach
11, p.296ff. | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.13 | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
pp.49, 56
Internet
Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kinski2.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/kinsky.html)
| K32 |
Kinsky
von Wchinitz und Tettau, Karl Graf |
Dates
of Life
Born: Chlumetz
(Chlumec) / Circle of Neubydschow (Neubydžow) / Bohemia, 28.07.1766
Died: Burgstein near
Prague (Sloup v Čechách) / Bohemia, 04.09.1831
Family
Status
Nephew of K33
Brother of K29
Married: 1810 Elisabeth
Gräfin von Thun-Hohenstein (1791-1867[1876?])
Promotions
Major: 1795
Oberstleutnant: 02./03.1797
Oberst: 1801
Generalmajor: 09.1806
(w.r.f. 12.04.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant:
30.04.1815
Retired: 02.02.1828
Orders,
Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian
Order – KC: 11.05.1796
Colonel-Proprietor of
the Dragoon Regiment N°6: 03.1822 – 04.09.1831
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders,
Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st
cl.: 1815
Printed
Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.481f. | Leitner
2, p.144f. (wrong: FML in 1809) | MD 3, p.58 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.537f. | Pizzighelli, DR10, pp.227, 421 | Strobl, DR12, p.191f. | Svoboda
1, col.172f. | Wrede 3, p.209 | Wurzbach 11, p.298f. | WZ,
08.05.1815, 18.10.1815
Internet
Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kinski2.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/kinsky.html)
(wrong: d. 10.10.1831)
| K33 |
Kinsky
von Wchinitz und Tettau, Philipp
Joseph Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Chraustowitz (Chroustovice) / Bohemia, 04.08.1741
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 14.02.1827
Family Status
Nephew of K30 and K31
Uncle of K29 and K32
Married: 1787 Maria Theresia Gräfin von Dietrichstein
(1768-1822), divorced: 1788
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 19.06.1773
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 07.04.1783)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, IR47, p.274f. | Kreipner, IR34, p.167 | MD
3, p.58 | MilSchem | Wurzbach 11, p.282
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/kinski2.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/kinsky.html)
| K34 |
Kirchheim,
[N.] Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: 01.01.1796
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 03.08.1765)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K35 |
Kirchner,
Friedrich von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Vienna, 08.05.1820
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 26.11.18001
Generalmajor: 20.12.18022 (w.r.f.
06.02.1803)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Amon, IR4, pp.338, 371, 379 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Date of supreme imperial resolution
2)
Amon, IR4, p.379: retired on 01.01.1803 (with
rank of major general) by supreme imperial
resolution from 13.11.1802 (?)
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Peterwardein (Petrovaradin, Pétervarád)
/ Slavonia, 19.06.1822
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 12.04.1806 (w.r.f. 28.02.1804)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
Decoration of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation:
12.1812
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Auer, N°144 | MilSchem | WZ, 02.02.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K37 |
Klebeck,
(Ernst) Wilhelm von
Klebeck, (Ernst) Wilhelm Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Lasdohn (Lazdona) / Livland / Russia, 1729
Died: Güns (Köszeg) / Com. Eisenburg (Vas)
/ Hungary, 04.06.1811
Family
Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Russia:
Major: 07.1760
Oberstleutnant: ~ 1763
Into
Austrian service: 29.09.1764
Oberstleutnant: 29.09.1764
Oberst: 25.05.1773
Generalmajor: 30.04.1779 (w.r.f. 20.04.1779)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 09.10.1789 (w.r.f. 08.05.1789)
Feldzeugmeister: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 06.09.1794)
Retired: 04.03.17961
Posts and Offices (Army,
Politics, Court)
Commanding General in the Warasdin Military Border:
07.1779 – 04.1783
Fortress Commandant of Maastricht: 19.09.1794 – 04.(07.)11.1794
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 22.06.1779
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 15.02.1779
/ CC: 21.12.1789
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°14:
13.10.1788 –
04.06.1811
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.37 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.256ff. (wrong:
FZM on 01.06.1796) | Kneschke 5, p.120 | MD 3, p.60 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.547f. | Sigmund, Martha: Feldzeugmeister Ernst Wilhelm Freiherr von
Klebeck. 1729-1811. Biographie, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1943 | Wrede 1, p.210 | Wurzbach
12, p.26f. (wrong: FZM on 01.06.1796) | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.36 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.65
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale: 01.06.1796 (?)
| K38 |
Klebelsberg
(zu Thumburg?), Johann Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: 26.10.1792
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. ?)
Posts and Offices (Army,
Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Karlsburg: 17??-1792
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K39 |
Klebelsberg
zu Thumburg, Johann Nepomuk Graf
von |
Dates of Life
Born: Szoboszló / Com. Hajdu / Hungary, 30.01.17721
Died: Theresienstadt (Terezín) / Bohemia,
01.06.1841
Family Status
Son of K40
Married: 1806 Anna Gräfin Péjàscevich
von Veroecze (1785-1847)
Promotions
Major: 28.06.1797
Oberstleutnant: 09.01.1804
Oberst: 01.09.1805
Generalmajor: 18.05.18092
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.09.1813
General der Kavallerie: 30.12.1831
Posts and Offices (Army,
Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in Moravia and
Silesia: 30.12.1831 –
1832
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia: 1832 – 06.1834
Fortress Commandant of Theresienstadt: 1834-1836
Fortress Governor of Theresienstadt: 1836 – 01.06.1841
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Saint-Julien (Landecy, Les Lusiettes): 01.03.1814 (+)
Commander of the 2nd Army Detachment: 05.-06.1814
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 24.10.1809
Order of Leopold – CC: 26./29.03.1814
Military Honor Cross 1813/14 (Army Cross 1813/14):
~ 1814
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Uhlan Regiment N°4:
1813 – 01.06.1841
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1832
I.R. Chamberlain: 1802
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Baden:
Order of Fidelity – ?C:
France:
Military Order of St. Louis – GC: 1816
Poland
(Russia):
Order of the White Eagle: 1835
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.: vor 1820
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – GC:
1814
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Johann Nepomuk Joseph Graf von Klebelsberg, Freiherr
zu Thumburg was born on 30 January 1772 in Szoboszló, Hungary. In November
1785, he joined Chevauxleger Regiment "Modena" N°13 as a cadet. His father,
Oberst Prokop Graf von Klebelsberg, commanded the regiment from 1784-1789 (see
K40). Young Lieutenant Klebelsberg fought with the regiment in the wars against
the Turks, from 1787-92. He was in action at Semlin in 1788 and at the siege
of Belgrade in the autumn of 1789.
In 1793, he had risen to captain in the Frei-Corps "Wurmser" and
fought in the successful actions around Trier in Prinz von Hohenlohe-Kirchberg's
corps against GdD Beurnonville's Armée de la Moselle. In 1794, he served
in Flanders, the next year on the upper Rhine, under Wurmser. His regiment was
distinguished in the capture of the Hartberg, in the siege of Mainz (20 September – 13
October). He was also in action in the assaults on the redoubts at Mannheim (18
October), in the clashes at Pfrimm, Frankenthal (12 November) and Schwengenheim.
After promotion to Oberst (1 September 1805) Klebelsberg
took over command of Uhlan Regiment N°3, in northern Italy. He was distinguished
in the victorious battle of Caldiero, on 29-31 October.
In the campaign of 1809, he served with his regiment
in Erzherzog Ludwig's V Corps of the main army (later taken over by FZM Fürst
Reuss) in the Danube valley. He came into action on 21 April at Landshut, in
the Austrian defeat there. During the great battles of Aspern and Wagram, he
was with his regiment on the Bisamberg, on flank security duties. Following the
defeat of Wagram, his regiment took over rear guard duties of the army. They
fought at Znaim on 10-11 July. For his conduct in this battle, he was promoted
to Generalmajor and awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian
Cross.
On 2 September 1813, Kerpen was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant.
He took over command of a cuirassier division and fought at Dresden on 26-27
August and at Leipzig. In 1814 he commanded a mixed division in FML Fürst
Alois von Liechtenstein's corps on the upper Rhine. He won a victory at St. Julien
(9 km southwest of Geneva) on 1 March, over GdD Count Jean-Gabriel Marchand.
On 30 December 1831, count Kerpen was promoted to General
der Kavallerie. He died on 1 June 1841, in Theresienstadt (now Terezin),
in Bohemia.
Printed Sources
Bodart, p.475 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1048ff. | Kneschke
5, p.120 | MD 3, p.60 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.548f.
(wrong: Mjr in 07.1797) | Persa, Albert v.: Das Geschlecht derer von Klebelsberg
zu Thumburg (= Schlern Schriften. Veröffentlichungen zur Landeskunde von
Südtirol. Ed. by R.v. Klebelsberg, vol.35), Innsbruck 1937, p.42, N°X/104
(at the beginning of the article wrong: d. 10.06.1841 / wrong: "Commandeur des
Marien-Theresienordens"), genealogical table D | Pickl, p.305 | Riedl,
UR3, p.24 | Wrede 3, p.333 | Wurzbach 12, p.27ff. | WZ,
25.11.1809, 09.09.1813, 14.04.1814, 15.09.1815, 12.09.1816 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.41 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.53, 132
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/klebelsberg.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
MD / Schmidt-Brentano: 10.01.1774 (?)
2)
Riedl, UR3, p.334: 17.04.1809 (?)
| K40 |
Klebelsberg
zu Thumburg, Prokop Sigismund Graf
von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: (Brünn [Brno] / Moravia ?), 17.01.18191
Family Status
Father of K39
Married: Maria Josepha Leopoldine Gräfin Ugarte
(1739-1800)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 20.11.1789)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain: 1811
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Kneschke 5, p.120 | MD 3, p.60 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.548 | Persa, Albert v.: Das Geschlecht derer von Klebelsberg zu Thumburg
(= Schlern Schriften. Veröffentlichungen zur Landeskunde von Südtirol.
Ed. by R.v. Klebelsberg, vol.35), Innsbruck 1937, p.42, N°VIII/104 (wrong:
GM in 1780 / wrong: "seit 1764 unangestellter General Feldwachtmeister")
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Persa (presumably wrong): Priblic, 17.06.1819 (?)
| K41 |
Kleber
von Mildenberg, Ludwig |
Dates of Life
Born: around 1735
Died: Vienna, 18.12.18051
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.10.1804 (w.r.f. 27.12.1802)
Retired: 01.10.1804
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 20.11.1805 (?)
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: 18.12.1815
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 07.05.1800 (w.r.f. 18.05.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 22.01.1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of Leopold – KC: 07.01.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 20.02.1808, 11.01.1809
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K43 |
Kleindorf,
Nikolaus
Kleindorf, Nikolaus Edler von |
Dates of Life
Born: around 1740
Died: Josephstadt (Josefov u Jaromere) / Bohemia,
01.05.1810
Promotions
Major: 1783
Oberstleutnant: 1789
Oberst: 1793
Generalmajor: 10.03.1799 (w.r.f. 06.03.1799)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
City and Fortress Commandant of Josephstadt: 1799 – 01.05.1810
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 19.01.1800 (with predicate: "Edler
von")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Blasek/Rieger 1/I, p.384 | Frank 3, p.38 | Gatti,
IngAk, p.206 | Kneschke 5, p.123 | MilSchem | WZ, 15.08.1810
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K44 |
Kleinmayern,
Johann Peter Vitalis (Freiherr?) von |
Dates of Life
Born: Zell am See / Salzburg, 20.10.17471
Died: Alt-Gradiska (Gradiška stara) / Slavonia,
14.05.1828
Name Variants
also: Kleinmayrn, Klainmayr,
Klainmeyer, Klainmeyern
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.09.1807 (w.r.f. 07.08.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant (a.h.): 19.03.1828
Retired: 19.03.1828
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in Carniola (Laibach): 1807 – 03.1809
Fortress Commandant of Alt-Gradiska: 05.02.1811 – 19.03.1828
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.545 (wrong: retired
1809-1814) | Wurzbach 12, p.42f. | WZ, 18.11.1807, 02.12.1809 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.75
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 20.11.1747 (?)
| K45 |
Klenau
und Janowitz, Johann Joseph Cajetan
Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: Benatek Castle (Benátky nad Jizerou)
/ Bohemia, 12.12.17551
Died: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 06.10.1819
Family Status
Married: 1800 Maria Josepha Tallian de Viseck, the
widowed Somsich de Sard (1763-18??)
Promotions
Major: 15.01.17902
Oberstleutnant: 12.02.1793
Oberst: 08./09.1795
Generalmajor: 01.05.1797 (w.r.f. 13.06.1797)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 18.11.1800)
General der Kavallerie: 26.07.1813
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia: 12.1815 – 06.10.1819
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Bracco: 13.10.1799 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Torriglia: 16.11.1799 (–)
Commander ad interim of the 6th Army Corps:
07.1809
Commander of the 3rd Army Corps: 08.-11.1809
Commander of the 4th Army Detachment (since 09.1813:
left wing corps): 08.-11.1813
Commander of the allied forces during the blockade
of Dresden: 13.10.-11.11.1813 (+)
Commander of the Corps Klenau of the Army of Italy:
04.1814 – 03.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 30.10.1795
/ CC: 13.07.1809
Order of Leopold – CC: 07.01.1809 / GC: 10./11.1813
Colonel-Proprietor of the Chevauxleger Regiment N°5:
20.02.1804 –
06.10.1819
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1812
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Alexander Nevskij: 10.1813
Order of St. Vladimir 2nd cl.: 1813
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Born in Prague on 13 April 1757 into an old Bohemian
noble family he entered military service 1774 as a cadet in Infantry Regiment "Ellrichshausen" N°47.
In the War of the Bavarian Succession he rose to Captain in Chevauxleger Regiment
"Kinsky" N°5. He was distinguished in the Turkish wars on 22 April 1788 at
Semlin and transferred to Dragoon Regiment "Toskana" N°26 the same year.
In May 1792 he transferred to Dragoon Regiment "Kaiser" N°1. On 12 February
1793 Klenau received his promotion to Oberstleutnant in an Uhlan regiment
serving under GdK Graf Wurmser. He was captured on 2 April that year at Leimersheim
/ Offenbach but freed by two men of Hussar Regiment "Erzherzog Alexander Leopold"
N°17. Count
Klenau was distinguished at Schaid (Weissenburg lines) on 18 September and in
the actions at Brumpt, Weiersheim (21 November), defence of Reichshofen on 26
November, Dangendorf on 2 December and was wounded on 16 December 1793. On 3
August 1794 he fought with distinction at Liege.
On 24 September 1795 Klenau took part at the combat
of Handschuhsheim and made the decisive cavalry charge which won that action.
He took all of the 8 French guns with 9 ammunition waggons and 31 horses, cut
down or captured most of their infantry including General Georges-Joseph Dufour.
In this action French GdB Pierre-Marie-Gabriel Vidalo du Sirat was wounded and
also captured. For his military achievements he was promoted to Oberst in Hussar
Regiment "Wurmser"
N°30 and awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order.
He later took 3 French guns in a minor action at Oggersheim and also fought in
the successful siege of Mannheim which fell to the Austrians on 22 November.
On 10 December that year he was again distinguished at Schweigenheim.
In 1796 Klenau served on the Italian theatre of war.
In July he was in Quosdanovich's second column, advancing down the western side
of Lake Garda to relieve Mantua. On 29 July Wurmser's main column (advancing
down the eastern side of the lake) attacked and defeated Massena at Rivoli. Massena
fell back to Pievetano after losing 2,800 men and 9 guns. That same day, Quosdanovich
attacked GdD Sauret at Salo. Sauret fell back to Desenzano and GdB Jean-Joseph
Guyeux was cut off with a battalion and captured. Quosdanovich sent Klenau to
Brescia where he captured four companies of infantry, a squadron of cavalry and
several generals. On 1 August Klenau was thrown back by GdD Hyacinthe-François
Despinoy under Napoleon's command. Oberst Klenau took part in Wurmser's second
attempt to relieve Mantua in September 1796 and fought at Bassano on the 8 of
that month and at La Favorita on 15 September. He then entered Mantua in September
and co-signed the capitulation of the fortress with Wurmser in January 1797.
On 1 May 1797 Klenau received his promotion to Generalmajor.
In 1799 he was in FML Mercandin's division on the
lower Etsch; on 24 March, his brigade was detached to the area
between the Rivers Po and Etsch and took no part in the early fighting of the
main body. He then fought at Genola on 4 November. In 1800 he served in the Danube
valley. After his promotion to Feldmarschalleutnant (29 October 1800)
he was given command of a division in the Defensive Army. On 18 December 1800,
he defeated Marshal Augereau in a minor clash near Nuremberg.
In February 1804 count Klenau was appointed Proprietor
of the Chevauxleger Regiment N°5. The campaign of 1805 he fought in the Danube
valley and was captured at the fall of Ulm.
In 1809 Count Klenau led the advance guard of the
4th and 5th Columns at Aspern and commanded the VI Corps in the battle of Wagram
where he distinguished himself at Stammersdorf, Gerasdorf and Leopoldau. He then
fought at Korneuburg and Hollabrunn. This earned him the Commander's Cross of
the MMTO. In 1812 he was appointed Privy Councillor, and the next year, on 26
July 1813, he was promoted to General der Kavallerie, and given the command
of the IV Army Corps. At the battle of Dresden his corps suffered heavily on
the outer left wing due to being isolated from the main body by the Plauen'schen
Grund and Murat's cavalry assaults. He fought also at Leipzig (Wachau), then
commanded the blockade corps at Dresden. When that city surrendered, he signed
the capitulation with Gouvion-St-Cyr on 11 November, after St-Cyr's break-out
attempt on 7 November was foiled by FML Wied-Runkel's division. In 1814 Klenau
was also engaged at Arcis-sur-Aube on 20-21 March, where the Austrians defeated
Napoleon. He fought as well at La Fère Champenoise on 25 March. After
the war (1815), Klenau was appointed Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia.
He died on 6 October 1819 in Brünn.
Printed Sources
ADB 16, p.156 | Amon, DR9, pp.168, 171, 391 | Bodart,
pp.345, 348, 465 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.894ff. | Hollins, p.19ff. | Kneschke
5, p.129 | MD 3, p.61 | MilSchem | ÖBL 3, p.397 | ÖMKL
3, p.551ff. | Pizzighelli, DR10, p.240, 288 (wrong: b. 1757 / d. 16.10.1819
/ Mjr in 1788) | Stolzer-Steeb, p.138f. | Wrede 3, p.192 | Wurzbach
12, p.70ff. (wrong: Mjr in 1788) | WZ, 11.01.1809, 02.05.1812, 31.07.1813,
14.10.1813, 27.10.1813, 20.02.1814 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.39 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, pp.53, 130, 132, 133
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/klenau.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 13.04.1758 (?)
2)
Amon, DR9, pp.168: 01.01.1790 (?)
| K46 |
Klenau
und Janowitz, Wenzel Joseph Graf
von |
Dates of Life
Born: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 1759
Died: Vienna, 13.10.1839
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1807
Generalmajor: 24.05.1809
Feldmarschalleutnant (title a.h.): 30.07.1820
Retired: 30.07.1820
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Gatti, IngAk, p.305 | Hoen, 1809/IV, p.802,
note 1 | MilSchem | WZ, 18.11.1807
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K47 |
Klinglin
von Hadtstadt, Johann Jacob Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: 04.06.1733
Died: (Wiener Neustadt / Lower Austria ?), 11.01.1818
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 06.08.1795
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 03.09.1799)
Retired: 1800
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Military Order of St. Louis – KC: before 1796
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K48 |
Klopstein,
Joseph Ritter von
Klopstein von Ennsbruck, Joseph Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: Klausenburg (Kolozsvár, Cluj) / Transylvania,
28.12.1763
Died: Palermo / Naples-Sicily, 06.08.1824
Promotions
Major: 01.09.1805
Oberstleutnant: 16.02.1809
Oberst: 27.05.1809
Generalmajor: 02.09.18131
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 19.04.1811 (with predicate "von Ennsbruck")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 19.05.1809
Order of Leopold – CC: 26./29.03.1814
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°47:
31.01.1823 –
06.08.1824
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Naples-Sicily:
Military Order of St. George and of the Reunion – GC:
1821
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – GC
Printed Sources
Amon, IR4, pp.399, 432, 452 | Amon, IR47,
p.539ff. | Frank 3, p.42 | Frank-Döfering, 2126 | Hirtenfeld
2, p.953f. | Leitner 2, p.133f. | MD 3, p.63 (wrong: b. 1764) | MilSchem | ÖBL
3, p.420 | ÖMKL 3, p.553 (wrong: b. 1764) | Svoboda 1, col.126f. | Wrede
1, p.444 | Wurzbach 12, p.114f. (wrong: b. 1764) | WZ, 09.09.1813,
14.04.1814
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Amon, IR4, p.452: 01.09.1813 (?)
| K49 |
Knebel,
Sigmund Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Anspach (n.l.)1,
1735
Died: Nagy-Abony / Com. Preßburg (Pozsony)
/ Hungary, 1800
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 01.02.1771
Generalmajor: 26.11.1777 (w.r.f. 01.07.1777)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Victorin, DR7, pp.188, 403, 427
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
also: Ansbach (?)
| K50 |
Knesevich
de Szent-Helena, Georg Anton Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: around 1733
Died: Vienna, 27.05.1805
Name Variants
also: Knežević
Family Status
Brother of K51, K52, K53
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 29.08.1801 (w.r.f. 24.08.1801)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.558 | (Wurzbach
12, p.146)
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K51 |
Knesevich
de Szent-Helena, Johann Freiherr
von |
Dates of Life
Born: around 1742
Died: 29.10.1807
Name Variants
also: Knežević
Family Status
Brother of K50, K52, K53
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1793
Generalmajor: 01.03.1797 (w.r.f. 05.02.1797)
Retired: 1800
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Gatti, IngAk, p.209 | Milleker, p.94 | MilSchem | (Wurzbach
12, p.146) | WZ, 19.12.1807
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K52 |
Knesevich
de Szent-Helena, Peter Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 1745/46
Died: Stridon (Sdrin) / Croatia, 12.05.1814
Name Variants
also: Knežević
Family Status
Brother of K50, K51, K53
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1794
Generalmajor: 02.10.1799 (w.r.f. 05.10.1799)
Retired: 1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Peter Freiherr Knesevich de Szent-Helena was born
around 1746. In 1795 he was an Oberst and commanded the Avantgarde of
the 2nd Column in the battle of Mainz. Four years later Knesevich received promotion
to Generalmajor (2 October 1799).
In the campaign of 1805, he served at the Italian
theatre-of-war, commanding a cavalry brigade in Rosenberg's division in the battle
of Caldiero. In 1809 he raised a new Frei Corps in Agram (Zagreb) and operated
along the Croatian coast against the French. On 21 July 1809 he captured the
Adriatic port of Sibenik from the French. He then took the port of Zara (Zadar);
from 25-29 July he held it against General Baron Jean-Etienne-Casimir Poitevin
de Maureillan's best efforts. After that campaign he retired and died on 12 May
1814 in Croatia.
Printed Sources
Gatti, IngAk, p.206 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.558 | (Wurzbach 12, p.146f.) | WZ, 04.07.1807
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K53 |
Knesevich
de Szent-Helena, Vincenz Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: Gračac
/ Croatia, 30.11.1755
Died: Szent-Helena / Com. Zala / Hungary, 11.03.1832
Name Variants
also: Knežsević
Family Status
Brother of K50, K51, K52
Married: Karoline Freiin von Högger
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1796
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 31.10.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 14.08.1808
Retired: 01.05.1812
Reactivated: 1813
General der Kavallerie (title a.h.): 22.09.1815
Retired: 22.09.1815
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adlatus of the Commanding General in the Banal Military
Border: 02.-11.1809
Commanding General ad interim in the Warasdin
Military Border: 10.18101 – 04.1812
Military Governor of Venetia: 01.1815 – 22.09.1815
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Reserve Corps of the Army of Italy:
04.-05.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 15.05.1799
Colonel-Proprietor of the Dragoon Regiment N°3:
14.04.18092 –
11.03.1832
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1823
I.R. Chamberlain: 07.01.1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Vincenz Freiherr Knesevich de Szent-Helena was born
on 13 November 1755 in Gračac in the
military border area with Turkey. In the Turkish wars of 1788/89 he raised and
commanded a Frei-Corps.
At the beginning of the Second Coalition War he had
reached the rank of Oberst and CO of the Hussar Regiment N°2. He was
distinguished on 28 April at Verderio – or Cassano – under FML Vukassovich,
where he caused the surrender of Serrurier's division. Again distinguished in
the battle of the Trebbia River on 17-20 June,
in the battle of Novi on 15 August and at the siege of Coni (= Cuneo). On 29
October 1800 Vincenz Knesevich was promoted to Generalmajor and commanded
an infantry brigade in Kray's division in northwestern Italy. By the end of May,
he had transferred to FML Melas' division, marching from Coni to Turin. At Marengo
he served in FML Hadik's main column.
During the the 1805 campaign, he commanded an infantry
brigade in St. Julien's division, defending the Strub, Scharnitz and Leutasch
passes.
On 14 August 1808, he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant,
and the year after he was made proprietor of Dragoon Regiment N°3. In the
1809 campaign, he served in Gyulai's division in the fighting around Graz from
23-25 June, against Marshal Macdonald and GdD Jean-Baptiste Broussier.
In 1813 the Croatians elected him Vizekapitän
of Dalmatia, Croatia and Slovenia. On 22 September 1815 he retired with promotion
to General der Kavallerie ad honores. Vincenz Knesevich died on 11 March
1832 in Szent-Helena in Hungary.
Printed Sources
Dedekind, DR11, p.663, 733 | Hirtenfeld 1,
p.550f. | MD 3, p.64 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.558f. | Rothenberg,
Militärgrenze, p.168 (= Rothenberg, Military Border, p.116) | Wenzlik-Ebert
p.17f. | Wrede 3, p.202 | Wurzbach 12, p.147f. | WZ, 09.01.1808,
03.09.1808, 13.11.1815 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.65, 66, 134
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Rothenberg, Militärgrenze, p.168: 1809 (?)
2)
Dedekind, DR11, pp.337 and 663 (contrary to: Dedekind, DR11, p.733: 04.04.1809
!?)
| K54 |
Knorr,
Christoph Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: 01.1804
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor (title a.h.): 24.04.1801 (w.r.f. 17.04.1801)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K55 |
Köblös
de Nagy-Varád, Samuel |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: 29.06.1811
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 27.02.1793 (w.r.f. 28.02.1797)
Retired: 1804
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Samuel Köblös de Nagy-Varád received
promotion to Generalmajor on 27 February 1793. In 1797, he led a premature,
and unsupported assault at Corona against Joubert's division as the Austrians
closed up to the Rivoli battle site on 12 January. Joubert fell back next day.
On 14 January, Köblös' column, and that of Ocskay, was thrown off the
plateau of Rivoli by the divisions of Joubert and Massena, just after disaster
had struck Quosdanovich's column, and lost 1,000 captured. Erzherzog Carl assumed
command from Alvinczy, but after being defeated by Napoleon at Valvassone on
16 March, he had no option but to withdraw out of Italy. This he did in two columns.
On 21 March, Massena's Avantgarde had pushed GM Ocskay out of Tarvis and now
blocked the Austrian escape route. GM (Vinchant de) Gontroeul attacked and pushed
the French back to Saifnitz, but next day, he was assaulted by Massena and defeated
with heavy loss and thrown back north through Tarvis, towards Villach. Bajalich
and Köblös were still on the wrong side of Tarvis; after combat on
22 March with the divisions of Massena, Guyeux and Serrurier, both were forced
to surrender with 4,000 men, 25 guns and 500 waggons on 23 March. On 31 March,
in St. Veith, Napoleon opened negotiations for peace as he was now dangerously
over-extended and the French armies on the Rhine could not come into action to
aid him. Köblös retired in 1804 and died on 29 June 1811.
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K56 |
Kölbel,
Karl Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 1752
Died: Vienna, 19.12.1829
Promotions
Major: 1797
Oberstleutnant: 1798
Oberst: 1800
Generalmajor: 04.11.1801
Retired: 1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Gatti, IngAk, p.238 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K57 |
Kölbel,
Rudolf Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 1739
Died: Żydaczów (Zhydachiv) / Galicia,
12.12.1803
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.03.1795
Feldmarschalleutnant: 1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Wenke, DR1, p.274f.
Internet Sources
Not in Schmidt-Brentano (!)
| K58 |
König
von Kronburg, Ludwig Anton
König von Kronburg, Ludwig Anton Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: (Vienna ?), 08.03.1818
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 16.05.1811
Retired: 1814
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr (by elevation of a family member): 02.08.1765
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale (wrong: "Kronenburg")
| K59 |
Königsbrunn,
Johann Sigmund Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 05.06.1721
Died: Olmütz (Olomouc) / Moravia, 28.08.1793
Family Status
Married: Ludovika Freiin Minkwitz von Minkwitzburg
(17??-1814)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 12.02.1783)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Olmütz: 17?? – (28.08.1793
?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Kneschke 5, p.195 (wrong: b. 1731) | MD 3,
p.68 | MilSchem | Wurzbach 12, p.223
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K60 |
Königsegg-Aulendorf,
Franz Xaver Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: 30.12.1724
Died: 11.07.17921
Family Status
Married: 1750 Maria Sidonie Gräfin Eszterházy
de Galántha (1730-1806)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 06.01.1763 (w.r.f. 01.07.1758)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | MD 3, p.68
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/hung/esterhazy3.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
MD (d. in Brouska ?) / Schmidt-Brentano: 04.04.1792 (?)
| K61 |
Koller,
Franz von
Koller, Franz Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Münchengrätz (Mnichovo Hradištĕ)
/ Bohemia, 27.11.1767
Died: Naples / Naples-Sicily, 22.08.1826
Family Status
Married (1): 1800 Therese Beriot de Bilanzi (17??
- 1802/03)
Married (2): 1804 Johanna Grezel von Gränzenstein
Promotions
Major: 22.11.1799 (1800 ?)
Oberstleutnant: 01.12.1800
Oberst: 21.09.1805
Generalmajor: 18.05.1809
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.09.18131
Field Service (1792-1818)
Adjutant General of the main army: 09.1813 – 04.1814
General Intendant of the Army of Italy: 1815-1818
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 26.12.1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 24.10.1809
Order of Leopold – CC: 01.06.1814
Order of the Iron Crown 2nd cl.: 12.02.1816
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°2:
18.10.1814 – 1825
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°2:
1825 – 22.08.1826
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Bavaria:
Military Order of Maximilian Joseph – CC: 1814
Naples-Sicily:
Order of St. Januarius: 1818
Military Order of St. George and of the Reunion – GC:
1821
Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle 1st cl.: 1814
Russia:
Order of St. Vladimir 2nd cl.: 1813
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.: 1813 (1814?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Franz von Koller, born on 27 November 1767 in Münchengrätz
(Bohemia), entered military service 1784 as a cadet in Infantry Regiment "Brinken" N°18.
In 1790 he was appointed Fähnrich. The next year he was in the Austrian
Netherlands in the HQ of FML Kheul's corps, which went to pacify the Liege rebels.
In 1792 he was in the allied advance to Valmy in Champagne, as an Unterleutnant in
the general staff. On 1 March 1793, Koller was distinguished at the River Roer
crossing. For this, he was promoted Oberleutnant and sent to bear the
news of the allied victory at Aldenhoven to the Emperor. He returned in time
to fight at Neerwinden (18 March) where he was again distinguished; for this
he was promoted to captain and made Adjutant to the General Quartermaster.
Koller served on the staff until 1799 and around
1800 he was promoted to Major in Infantry Regiment vacant N°9, then
transferred into the newly-raised Bohemian Legion. End of 1800, he was promoted
to Oberstleutnant in Infantry Regiment vacant N°35, then transferred
to Infantry Regiment "Murray" N°55. In 1805 Koller received his promotion
to Oberst and given command of that regiment. During this campaign, he
saved his regiment from the Capitulation of Wertingen on 8 October and led them
back to Bohemia.
On 18 May 1809, he was promoted to Generalmajor.
He fought in all battles in the campaign and was very distinguished at Aspern
on 21 May, where his brigade was one of those which, formed in "Massen", withstood
GdD Jean-Louis-Brigitte Espagne's sudden and violent cavalry assaults. For this,
he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order. His
regiment had to been disbanded after the campaign.
On 26 December 1810 he was elevated to baron. From
1810 to 1813 Koller served in Bohemia.
At the beginning of the campaign of 1813 Koller joined
Schwarzenberg's GHQ as Adjutant General of the main army. The same time the emperor
promoted him to Feldmarschalleutnant. Koller was very popular with all
the allied monarchs and received Bavarian, Prussian and Russian awards. In 1814
he was one of the commissioners who escorted Napoleon to Elba. In June 1814 he
accompanied the Czar, the King of Prussia and the Archdukes Johann and Ludwig
to Britain. He then went to St. Petersburg to invite the Czar to the Congress
of Vienna.
On 18 October 1814, Koller was appointed 2nd proprietor
of the Infantry Regiment "Czar Alexander I" N°2.
The following year he received his nomination to
General Intendant of the Austrian army in Naples, where he performed an excellent
job and was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown 2nd class. Later, he became Commanding
General of an infantry division in Prague. In 1821 a revolt broke out in Naples.
Austria sent a corps to restore order, and Koller was again appointed to General
Intendant of the Army of Italy (January 1821). He fell fatally ill in Naples
and died there on 22 August 1826.
Printed Sources
ADB 16, p.477f. | Amon, IR18, pp.341, 342 | Frank
3, p.58 | Frank-Döfering, 2151 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.971ff. | Kneschke
5, p.222 | MD 3, p.71 | MilSchem | Nakowitsch, Siegfried:
FML Franz Freiherr von Koller (1767-1826). Sein Leben als österreichischer
General und Diplomat, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1968 | ÖBL 4, p.88 | ÖMKL
3, p.572ff. | ÖMZ, year 1827, vol.1, p.157ff.: Nekrolog des kais.
östreichischen Feldmarschall-Lieutenants Franz Freiherrn von Koller | Ritter,
p.399ff. | Wrede 1, p.126 | Wurzbach 12, p.339ff. | WZ,
25.11.1809, 09.09.1813, 20.02.1814, 27.06.1814, 20.02.1816, 17.04.1827 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.119
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Nakowitsch: 05.09.1813 (?)
| K62 |
Kollonitz
von Kollegrád, Joseph Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: 21.04.1740
Died: Vienna, 22.10.1799
Name Variants
also: Kollonics, Kollonitš / also: Kollográd
Family Status
Brother of K63, K64
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 27.05.1789 (w.r.f. 24.05.1789)
Retired: 1795
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K63 |
Kollonitz
von Kollegrád, Karl Joseph
Matthäus Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: 20.11.1730
Died: Vienna, 18.01.1804
Name Variants
also: Kollonics, Kollonitš / also: Kollográd
Family Status
Brother of K62, K64
Married: 1764 Maria Friederike Gräfin Cavriani
(1743-1799)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1773
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 02.04.1783)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MD 3, p.71 (wrong: d. 18.06.1804) | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.579f. (wrong: GM in 1764) | Wurzbach 12, p.360 (wrong: d. 18.06.1804)
Internet Sources
Marek (http://www.genealogy.euweb.cz/hung/zay1.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K64 |
Kollonitz
von Kollegrád, Maximilian
Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Vienna, 14.09.17611
Died: Obersiebenbrunn / Lower Austria, 04.03.1827
Name Variants
also: Kollonics, Kollonitš / also: Kollográd
Family Status
Brother of K62, K63
Married: Katharina Gräfin von Haugwitz (1771-1827)
Promotions
Major: 02.1790
Oberstleutnant: 02.1794
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 30.11.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 12.02.1809
Retired: 06.08.1824
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Lieutenant Captain of the Hungarian Noble Life Guard:
04.1813 –
06.08.1824
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 19.12.1790
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.316f. | Kneschke 5, p.224 | MD
3, p.71 | MilSchem | ÖBL 4, p.92 | ÖMKL 3, p.580 | Victorin,
DR7, pp.225f., 403 | Wrede (6), p.62 | Wurzbach 12, p.356f. | WZ,
22.04.1813
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://www.genealogy.euweb.cz/hung/zay1.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Marek: 01.09.1761 (?)
| K65 |
Kolowrat-Krakowsky,
(Johann Nepomuk) Karl Joseph Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 21.12.17481
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 05.06.1816
Family Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Major: 02.1779
Oberstleutnant: 08.1786
Oberst: 02.06.1788
Generalmajor: 09.10.1789
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 20.05.1795)
Feldzeugmeister: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 28.10.1800)
Feldmarschall: 12.09.18092
Retired: 06.05.1816
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Bohemia: 01.1803 – 15.(06.?)05.1816
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Army of Neutrality: 09.1806 – 11.1806
Commander of the 2nd Army Corps: 02.-05.1809
Commander of the 3rd Army Corps: 05.-08.1809
Commander of the 10th Army Corps: 08.-11.1809
Commander of the Observation Corps in Bohemia: 02.-05.1813
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Order of Malta (min. aet.): 1756
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – CC: 15.05.17973
Order of Leopold – GC: 15.05.1816
Golden Civil Honor Cross 1813/14: 26.05.1815
Colonel-Proprietor of the Artillery Regiment N°2:
1791-1800
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°36:
21.04.1801 – 05.06.1816
I.R. Privy Councillor: 13.04.1801
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – GOC:
12.11.1814
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Johann Nepomuk Karl Joseph Graf von Kolowrat-Krakowsky,
Freiherr von Ugezd, was born on 21 December 1748 in Prague; he entered Austrian
military service as an ensign of Dragoon Regiment "Sachsen-Coburg" N°37 in
1766. After two years, he bought himself a captaincy in Infantry Regiment N°34 "Batthyány".
He served in the War of the Bavarian Succession, but saw little action. He fought
in the wars against the Turks in 1787, initially as Oberstleutnant; as
from 2 June 1788 as Oberst and commander of Infantry Regiment N°19 "Alvinczy".
He was distinguished, and wounded, at the storm of Belgrade in 1789. For this
he was promoted Generalmajor on 9 October of that year. Kolowrat-Krakowsky
was now given command of a brigade, in the army of FZM Fürst von Hohenlohe-Kirchberg,
deployed along the border with Prussia.
In 1792 he was transferred as brigadier to
the artillery, and proved to be an excellent gunner. He was also appointed Chef
of the 2nd Artillery Regiment. In 1793 emperor Francis I. promoted him to Feldmarschalleutnant and
in 1795 he was appointed Commander of the Artillery of FM Graf Clerfayt's Army
on the Rhine. Although not a gunner from the boots up, he was very popular with
the officers of that arm. His command of artillery logistics was one of his main
strengths. His deployment of the siege batteries before Kehl (10 November 1796 – 9
January 1797) was so rapid and thorough, that the army commander, FZM Graf Baillet
de Latour, wrote him a letter of special commendation. For his efforts in these
campaigns, he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian
Order on 15 May 1797. On 28 October 1800, he received his promotion to Feldzeugmeister.
On 12 April 1801, Kolowrat-Krakowsky was appointed
to the Aulic War Council and made Privy Councillor next day. On 21 April,
he was appointed proprietor of Infantry Regiment N°36.
In 1803, he became Commander
of Bohemia, which post he hold shortly before his death. During the campaign
of 1805 he commanded the 4th Column at Austerlitz, together with Russian General
Miloradovič.
In 1809
Kolowrat-Krakowsky commanded the II Corps in Bohemia and invaded Bavaria. On
19 April he occupied Hof, next day Regensburg. Austrian defeats then dictated
that he withdraw through Bohemia into Austria. He rejoined the main army in time
for the battle of Wagram on 5-6 July, in which his corps was retitled 'III Corps'.
Kolowrat-Krakowsky was now detailed to act as Adlatus to Erzherzog Ferdinand
d'Este in the defence of Bohemia. On 10 September 1809, he was promoted to Feldmarschall.
Kolowrat fell ill in 1813 and resigned his command.
He was then active in caring for the sick and wounded of the Austrian and French
armies. For this work, he received the gold cross of the new Civil Service Award
of Honour; from King Louis XVIII, he received the Grand Officer's Cross of the
Légion d'Honneur. In May 1816, he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Leopold
Order. He died on 5 June 1816 in Prague.
Printed Sources
ADB 16, p.485 | Dauber, p.198f. | Hirtenfeld
1, p.521 | Kreipner, IR34, pp.179, 185, 188, 202 | MD 3, p.71 (incorrect
datas) | MilSchem | ÖBL 4, p.96 | ÖMKL 3, p.581ff. | Ritter,
p.59(bis)ff. | Wurzbach 12, p.386ff. | Wrede 1, p.375 | (Wrede)
4, p.471 | Wrede (6), p.31 | WZ, 24.11.1814, 26.05.1815, 28.05.1815,
28.05.1816 | Zivkovic, Generalität, pp.14, 37 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, pp.51, 130, 131
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/kolowrat.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/kolowrat/kolowrat6.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Dauber, p.198: 24.12.1748 (?)
2) ÖMKL
3, p.583 / Zivkovic, Generalität, p.14: 10.09.1809 (?)
3)
Date of permission of the Order of Malta to accept the MMTO.
| K66 |
Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky,
Vincenz Maria Joseph Graf von |
Dates of Life
Born: Czernikowitz (Černikovice) / Bohemia,
11.05.1750
Died: Vienna, 07.12.1824
Promotions
Major: 02.06.1782
Oberstleutnant: 01.04.1788
Oberst: 06.06.1798
Generalmajor: 01.01.1794 (w.r.f. 22.12.1791)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.03.1797 (w.r.f. 08.02.1797)
Feldzeugmeister: 06.09.18081
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Lower and Upper
Austria and in Anterior Austria: 1801/02 – 1806
Commanding General in Transylvania: 12.1806 – 01.1811
Commanding General in Hungary: 01.1811 – 05.1816
Commanding General in Bohemia: 05.1816 – 01.1823
Captain of the Trabanten Life Guard and the Hofburgwache:
01.1823 – 07.12.1824
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Order of Malta (min. aet.): 25.04.1754
(06.01.1756)
Professed Knight of the Order of Malta: 03.1776
Commander of the Commandery Corpus Christi in Breslau:
03.1776
Commander of the Commandery Fürstenfeld (Styria):
01.05.1789
Grand Prior of the Order of Malta in Bohemia, Moravia,
Silesia, Austria, Styria, Carinthia and Carniola: 1819
Minister plenipotentiary of the Order of Malta in
Austria (Vienna): 13.10.1799 / 25.01.1804 – 03.1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of the Golden Fleece: 1823
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 19.12.1790
/ CC: 18.08.1801
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°11:
08.05.1801 –
07.12.1824
I.R. Privy Councillor
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – GC:
11.1816
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Vinzenz Maria Graf von Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky was
born in 1750 in Czernikowitz, Bohemia. At the age of 5, he was enrolled into
the Order of Malta; two years later he was sworn in as a knight of the order.
He entered Austrian military service on 6 February 1768, as an Oberleutnant,
Infantry Regiment N°19 "Palffy". On 27 March 1769, he transferred to Infantry
Regiment
"Gyulai" N°7, as a captain. In March 1776, he fulfilled his vows in the Order
of Malta. On 2 June 1782, Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky was promoted to major in his
regiment. On 1 April 1788, he transferred to the 2nd Banal Grenz Infantry Regiment
and was promoted to Oberstleutnant. On 3 October of this year, he led
his men in an assault on Novi Sad and was wounded in the left arm. On 6 June
1789, he was promoted to Oberst and given command of Infantry Regiment "Langlois" N°59.
He was again distinguished in action at the battle of Kalafat on 26 June 1790,
where, on foot, he led a battalion of his regiment to storm the Turkish redoubts
on the left bank of the Danube. On 19 December 1790, he was awarded the Knight's
Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order. In 1793, he and his regiment
were posted to the main Austrian army under FM Prinz Josias von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
in Flanders. He was again distinguished in action at Cysoing on 22 October of
that year. In December 1793, Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky received his promotion to Generalmajor and
remained in Flanders. In the April of 1794, he commanded an infantry brigade
in Baillet de Latour's division of the Prince of Orange's corps in the Netherlands.
In September 1796, after Erzherzog Carl's victory at Würzburg, he was distinguished
at the capture of Limburg on the River Lahn, from Jourdan's beaten Armée
du Sambre-et du-Maas. In this action (16 September), he led the grenadier battalion
Ghenedegg in a charge, which threw the French out of their entrenchments. For
this service, he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant and a few years
later awarded the Commander's Cross of the MMTO on (18 August 1801).
In 1799, he commanded Erzherzog Carl's Reserve of
9 battalions and 12 squadrons; he fought at Ostrach (21 March) and Stockach (25
March). Next year, he was engaged, under FZM von Kray, at Engen (3 May) Mösskirch,
two days later, and Biberach on 9 May.
By 1805 he had been wounded so often and so severely
that he was no longer fit for field service. In 1806 Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky was
appointed Commanding General in Transylvania. Two years later the emperor promoted
him to Feldzeugmeister and – in 1811 – appointed him Commanding
General in Hungary. At both posts he organized the rapid mobilisation of the
Landwehr in 1809 and 1813.
In 1816, he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Légion
d'Honneur from Louis XVIII in recognition of his care of French prisoners of
war. He died in Vienna in 1824 as a captain of the Trabantenleibgarde,
privy councillor and Grand Prior of the Order of Malta.
Printed Sources
Dauber, p.200f. | Hirtenfeld 1, p.576ff. | MD
3, p.72 | MilSchem | ÖBL 4, p.97f. | ÖMKL 3, p.583f.
(wrong: b. 1747 / Obstlt in 03.1788 / GM in 12.1793) | Repertorium 3,
p.213 | Wrede 1, p.189 | Wrede (6), p.66 | Wurzbach 12,
p.396ff. | WZ, 21.09.1808, 09.06.1816, 28.11.1816 | Zivkovic, Generalität,
p.38 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.44, 51, 56, 58
Internet Sources
Boettger
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/kolowrat2.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/kolowrat/kolowrat2.html)
(wrong: b. 11.05.1749)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Dauber, p.201: 16.09.1808 (?)
| K67 |
Kospoth,
Siegfried Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: 1740
Died: Kremsier (Kromĕříž) /
Moravia, 16.12.1809
Name Variants
also: Kosspoth
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 26.12.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 19.07.1796)
General der Kavallerie: 01.03.1801 (w.r.f. 28.02.1801)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Siegfried Freiherr von Kospoth was born in 1740.
From 1783 to 1790, he served as Colonel-Commander of the 2nd Carabinier Regiment
N°15. On 16 January 1790, he was promoted to Generalmajor. In the
1792 campaign, he commanded an infantry brigade in Esterházy's corps of
Clerfait's corps in Luxemburg. In mid-May, his brigade was deployed in Wurmser's
Army of the Upper Rhine, along that river, between Strassburg and Basle. On 13
October 1793, Kospoth commanded the 6th Column in the assault on the Weissenburg
Lines. Promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 4 March 1796, he served again
on the upper Rhine, under FZM Graf Baillet de Latour. On 9 July 1796, he fought
in the battle of Malsch, under FML Graf von Sztaray. He was also in action at
Biberach, on 2 October of that year, commanding a mixed division. From 10 November
1796 to 9 January 1797, he took part in the siege of Kehl.
In March 1799, Kospoth commanded a division in Erzherzog
Carl's reserve and fought at Ostrach (21 March) and Stockach (25 March). From
April to May 1799, he commanded a corps of observation around Villingen in the
Black Forest. In the storm of Mannheim on 18 September of that year, he led the
2nd Assault Column. In spring 1800, he commanded the heavy cavalry reserve division
under FZM Baron von Kray in the main Austrian army in Swabia. He fought at Engen
(3 May) and Mösskirch, two days later. After the 2nd Coalition War Kospoth
received his promotion to General der Kavallerie (1 March 1801). He died
in Moravia on 16 December 1809.
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Wenke, DR1, p.274 | WZ,
17.03.1810 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.37
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/kospoth.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K68 |
Kosztolányi
de Nemes-Kosztolány, Ladislaus
Kosztolányi de Nemes-Kosztolány, Ladislaus
Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: Nemes-Kosztolány / Com. Bars / Hungary,
1739
Died: Nemes-Kosztolány / Com. Bars / Hungary,
30.06.1806
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 05.1784
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 10.1793 (w.r.f. 25.10.1791)
Retired: 05.1794
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 17901
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.12.1789
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.270f. | MD 3, p.74 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.620f. | Wurzbach 13, p.35f.
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
MD: 1793 (?)
| K69 |
Kottulinsky
von Kottulin, Friedrich Franz Georg
Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 05.03.1748
Died: Ofen (Buda) / Hungary, 02.04.1815
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1794
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 07.05.1800 (w.r.f. 24.05.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 14.08.1808
Retired: 1809
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Ofen: 1811 – 02.04.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°41:
1808 – 02.04.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Friedrich Franz Georg Freiherr Kottulinsky von Kottulin
was born in Brünn on 5 March 1748. On 7 May 1800, he was promoted to Generalmajor.
In the campaign of 1805, he commanded a brigade in Simbschen's division of Bellegarde's
right wing in Italy and fought in the victorious battle of Caldiero under Erzherzpg
Carl. On 14 August 1808 the emperor promoted him to Feldmarschalleutnant and
made him proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°41. On 2 May 1809, Kottulinsky
commanded a division in Hiller's VI Corps in the Danube Valley. He fought at
Aspern and at Wagram, in VI Corps, which was not engaged at Znaim. He retired
in 1809 and died on 2 April 1815 in Ofen.
Printed Sources
Leitner 2, p.82f. | MilSchem | Svoboda
1, col.54 | Wrede 1, p.409 | WZ, 23.01.1808, 03.09.1808
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K70 |
Kovacsevich,
Blasius Anton von |
Dates of Life
Born: Kraljeva Velika / Slavonia, 1738
Died: WIA Tournay / Austrian Netherlands, 22.05.1794 à Brussels
(Bruxelles) / Austrian Netherlands, 31.05.1794
Name Variants
also: Kovačević, Kovachevich
Family Status
Brother of K71
Father-in-law of G34 (Gramont-Linthal)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 12.1785
Oberst: 11.1788
Generalmajor: 01.01.1794 (w.r.f. 12.11.1791)
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of his father): 30.05.1759
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.76 | Frank 3, p.68 | MD
3, p.75 (wrong: d. 31.05.1791) | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.621 | Wurzbach
13, p.85f. (wrong: d. 31.05.1791)
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K71 |
Kovacsevich,
Johann von |
Dates of Life
Born: 1744
Died: WIA Magnano / Venetia, 05.04.1799 à 26.04.1799
Name Variants
also: Kovačević, Kovachevich
Family Status
Brother of K70
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 10.1789
Generalmajor: 08.06.1794 (w.r.f. 20.03.1794)
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of his father): 30.05.1759
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Johann von Kovacsevich was born in 1744. On 8 June
1794, he was promoted to Generalmajor. In 1796 he served under FZM Baillet
de Latour as Brigadier in the Army of the Upper Rhine. In 1799 he served in FML
Zoph's division of Kray's army in northern Italy and entered Verona at the end
of March with his brigade. A few days later he was seriously wounded in the battle
of Magnano (5 April) and died three weeks later on 26 April 1799.
Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.74 (wrong: d. 05.04.1799) | Frank
3, p.68 | MD 3, p.75 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3, p.621 | Wurzbach
13, p.86
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 16.09.1828
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 26.09.1813
Retired: 07.10.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K73 |
Kray,
Paul von
Kray von Krajow und Topolya, Paul Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Käsmark (Késmárk) / Com.
Zips / Hungary, 05.02.17351
Died: Pest / Hungary, 19.01.1804
Promotions
Major: 1778
Oberstleutnant: 17832
Oberst: ~ 1785
Generalmajor: 24.03.1790 (w.r.f. 18.03.1790)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 14.08.1795)
Feldzeugmeister: 18.04.1799
Discharge: 28.08.1800
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in Venetia:
01.-04.1799
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Marchiennes: 30.10.1793 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Cateau Cambrésis: 29.03.1794 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Uckerath (Kircheip): 19.06.1796 (+/–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Sulzbach: 17.08.1796 (–)
Commander ad interim of the Army of Italy:
01.-04.1799
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Legnago: 26.03.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Parona (Polo): 30.03.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Magnano: 05.04.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces during the blockade
of Peschiera: 06.05.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces during the siege
of Mantua: 04.-28.07.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Novi: 06.11.1799 (–)
Commander of the Army of Germany: 03.1800 – 08.1800
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Engen and Stockach: 03.05.1800 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Mösskirch: 05.05.1800 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Biberach: 09.05.1800 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Erolzheim: 05.06.1800 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Neuburg: 27.06.1800 (–)
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 08.09.1790 (with predicate "von Krajow
und Topolya")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.12.1781
/ CC: 07.07.1794
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°34:
07.08.1799 –
19.01.1804
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Paul von Kray, born on 5 February 1735 in Käsmark
(today: Slovakia), entered Austrian military service in 1754, in Infantry Regiment
N°31 "Hallerstein" and fought in the Seven Years War. In 1778, he was promoted
from grenadier captain to major and transferred to Infantry Regiment "Preysach" N°39.
In 1783 (1779 ?), he transferred to the 2nd Szeckler Grenz Infantry Regiment
as Oberstleutnant. In 1784 he suppressed a Walachian peasants' uprising
in Transylvania led by Jorja and Kloska. Kray served in the Turkish wars of 1788/89
and in the latter year captured Krajova fortress. For this, he was awarded the
Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order on 21 December 1789. On
10 May 1788, he defeated a superior Turkish force of 5,000 men, under Osman Pasha and
Kara Mustapha Pascha on the borders of Transylvania. In May 1790, Kray was promoted Generalmajor;
in the July of that year, he was ennobled by Emperor Joseph II, with the title "von
Krajow und Topolya". In 1790/91, he was forced to withdraw from active service
due to the unhealthy effects of the local climate. In 1792 and 1793, he served
in the Netherlands, being called there at the express wish of FM Prince Friedrich
Josias von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld, the commander of the Austrian army there.
He was given command of the Avantgarde of the army and fought with distinction
at Famars (23 May 1793), the siege of Valenciennes (25 May – 27 July),
Courtray (15 September), Etreux (30 September) and Orchies (24 October). On 7
July 1794, he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the MMTO. In early 1794, he
commanded an infantry brigade in Alvinczy's Reserve under Sachsen-Coburg in the
Netherlands. In this year he also fought with distinction in the battles of Landrecies,
Charleroi and Fleurus.
Promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 5 March
1796 Kray served in Erzherzog Carl's Army of the Lower Rhine. On 19 June, he
defeated General Jean-Baptiste Kléber at Uckerath. He also defeated French
GdD Jourdan in the clash at Limburg on 16 September. He then fought in various
actions, including the victory at Amberg on 24 August, then under Erzherzog Carl
at the battle of Würzburg as a divisional commander. On 19 September, he
captured the mortally wounded GdD François-Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers,
one of the ablest and bravest French commanders of the day; he had the corpse
returned to French lines with a guard of honour of the Bethlen Hussars N°35.
In 1797 Kray served in FML Werneck's corps, forming
the right wing of the Austrian army on the upper Rhine, along the River Lahn.
Kray's command was surprised and defeated by the French General Louis-Lazarre
Hoche at Neuwied on the middle Rhine on 18 April. Because of that the general
was accused of negligence, court-martialled, found guilty and sentenced to two
weeks arrest. He requested to resign in protest but this was denied.
In 1799 he was appointed commander of the Austrian
forces in Italy. After his defeat at Pastrengo by Scherer on 26 March, Kray defeated
Serrurier's thrust at Perona (south of Turin) on 30 March and Scherer in the
battle of Magnano on 5 April. Unfortunately he lacked the resources to follow
up and had to hand over command to FM Melas. On 18 April 1799, Kray was promoted
to Feldzeugmeister. He then forced the capitulation of Peschiera (on the
southern end of Lake Garda) on 6 May. The French dubbed him "Le terrible Kray,
le fils cher de la victoire". On 28 July Kray took the surrender of the fortress
of Mantua. The same year he was appointed proprietor of Infantry Regiment N°34.
Kray was also instrumental in the Austrian victories at Novi (15 August 1799)
and Fossano (17 September 1799).
In the 1800 campaign Kray was commanding on the upper
Rhine and was defeated by Moreau at Stockach on 3 May, at Mösskirch two
days later and at Biberach on 9 May. He was again beaten by Moreau on the Iller
River on 5 June and by Lecourbe at Neuburg on the Danube on 27 June. As a resualt
of all his defeats Kray was discharged on 28 August 1800 and withdrew into private
life. He died on 19 January 1804, in Budapest.
Printed Sources
ADB 17, p.93f. | Bodart, pp.282, 285, 309,
312, 330, 333, 339, 347, 352-354, 356 | Borus, p.37f. | Frank 3,
p.76 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.407ff. | Hollins, p.26 | Kreipner,
IR34, p.348f. (wrong: GM on 01.05.1790), 379 | MD 3, p.77 | MilSchem | ÖMKL
3, p.628ff. (wrong: GM in 05.1790) | Ritter, p.265ff. | Wrede 1,
p.360 | Wrede (6), p.31 | Wurzbach 13, p.161ff. | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.37
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/kray.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Kreipner, IR34, p.348: 12.02.1735 (?)
2)
Kreipner, IR34, p.348: 1779 (?)
| K74 |
Kreysern,
Franz Xaver Leopold von |
Dates of Life
Born: 16.07.1740
Died: 04.07.1813
Name Variants
also: Kreyßern, Kraysern
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 18.11.1800)
Retired: 1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem (w/o date of death) | WZ, 14.10.1813
("Kraysera"), 16.10.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K75 |
Kroyher,
Karl von
Kroyher von Helmfels, Karl Freiherr |
Dates of Life
Born: Hungary, around 1755
Died: Vienna, 26.10.18381
Name Variants
also: Kroyherr
Family Status
Married: [N.] Freiin von Metzburg
Promotions
Major: 1799
Oberstleutnant: 1800
Oberst: 26.08.1805
Generalmajor: 26.04.1809
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.09.1813
General der Kavallerie (title a.h.): 09.09.1830
Retired: 09.09.1830
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in Upper Austria (Linz): 05.1825 – 12.1829
Fortress Commandant of Königgrätz: 12.1829 – 09.09.1830
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 25.09.1815 (with predicate "von Helmfels")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment
N°3: 06.03.1822 –
26.10.1838
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Bavaria:
Civil Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown – CC:
1825
Saxony:
Order of Civil Merit – GC: 1838
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.83 | Frank-Döfering, 2218 | MD
3, p.80 | MilSchem | Pizzighelli, DR3, pp.98, 114, 128, 157, 212 | Wrede
3, p.140 | Wurzbach 13, p.269ff. | WZ, 09.09.1813 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.40 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.73
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 02.10.1838 (?)
| K76 |
Künigl
zu Ehrenburg und auf der Warth, Hermann
Peter Graf |
Dates of Life
Born: Bezdekau
(Bezděkov) / Bohemia, 24.04.1765
Died: Vienna, 30.05.1853
Promotions
Major: 1800
Oberstleutnant: 04./05.18081
Oberst: 1809
Generalmajor: 27.04.1813
Feldmarschalleutnant: 08.03.1826
Feldzeugmeister: 11.06.1841
Retired: 03.06.18482
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of St. Stephen – CC: 1838
Colonel-Proprietor of the Artillery Regiment N°1:
1822 – 12.07.1849
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Artillery Regiment
N°1: 12.07.1849 –
30.05.1853
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1834
I.R. Chamberlain: 1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle 2nd cl.: 1819
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.: 1813
Printed Sources
MD 3, p.83 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 3,
p.668ff. (wrong: GM in 1812) | Soldatenfreund, year 1853, N°47 (from
11.06.1853), p.372 | (Wrede) 4, p.466 | Wurzbach 13, p.324ff. | WZ,
04.05.1808, 11.05.1813, 08.06.1813 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.42
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) ÖMKL
3, p.668 / Soldatenfreund: 1807 (?)
2) ÖMKL
3, p.669: 01.07.1848 (?)
| K77 |
Kurz
von Traubenstein, Franz Xaver (Ritter
?) |
Dates of Life
Born: around 1760
Died: Josephstadt (Josefov u Jaromere) / Bohemia,
08.12.1825
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 11.06.1812
Retired: 1814
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 29.07.1812
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| K78 |
Kutschera,
Johann Nepomuk
Kutschera, Johann Nepomuk von
Kutschera, Johann Nepomuk Freiherr von |
Dates of Life
Born: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 1766
Died: Vienna, 20.04.18321
Name Variants
also: Kučera
Family Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Major: 20.04.1797
Oberstleutnant: 19.10.1800
Oberst: 31.08.1805
Generalmajor: 18.05.1809
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.09.1813
Feldzeugmeister: 30.12.18312
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adjutant-General to the Emperor Franz I. of Austria:
31.08.1805 –
20.04.1832
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of his father): 08.03.1805
Freiherr: 19.04.18193
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of Leopold – KC: 07.01.18094 /
CC: 10.18135
Military Honor Cross 1813/14 (Army Cross 1813/14):
~ 1814
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°28:
06.01.1815 – 20.04.1832
I.R. Privy Councillor: 06.05.1823
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Bavaria:
Military Order of Maximilian Joseph – CC
France:
Military Order of St. Louis – GC: 1816
Hessen-Kassel:
Order of the Golden Lion – GC
Naples-Sicily:
Order of St. Ferdinand and of Merit – GC: 1827
Parma:
Constantinian Order of St. George – GC: 1823
Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle 1st cl.
Russia:
Order of St. Alexander Nevskij: 1822
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.: 08./09.1813
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – GC:
1822
Tuscany:
Order of St. Joseph – GC: 1827
Biographical Essay (by Albrecht Zimburg)
Johann Freiherr von Kutschera was a truly controversial
person. His importance lies not so much in military skills or brave deeds in
battle, as in the fact that he played a very influential part as Adjutant General
of Emperor Francis, a post which he had from 1805 until his death 27 years later!
Many historians painted him as an evil character
that influenced the Emperor in a bad way, which by all means he was not. In reality
he was an unpretentious man who played a congenial part for the Emperor. One
could say that if the Emperor had been a man of lesser status, they would have
been called friends. Kutschera as of common birth was despised by generals of
higher nobility, who could not have access to the emperor without having to go
through Kutschera.
His military career began on 08.08.1782, as Privat
Cadet at Infantry Regiment
"Brinken" N°18. His promotions were regular: 01.05.1784 Fähnrich,
01.10.1786 Unterleutnant and 29.06.1790 Oberleutnant.
His regiment took part in the actions in the Netherlands
1792-93; he is first mentioned in 1793. On 30.6.1793 he was transferred to Infantry
Regiment N°19 and acted as Adjutant to FML Alvinczy. The latter took a liking
in Kutschera and commended him several times like in his report of the action
at Dunkirk: "clever conduct", "without fear" and "honest man" or "punctual" and "eager".
Also he is commended in a report of FM Prince Sachsen-Coburg for an attack at
Landrécy and at Charleroi.
13.05.1795 he is Kapitänleutnant and
01.06.1796 he is as Hauptmann with his regiment in Italy. Alvinczy is so fond
of him that he commends him for the Military Maria Theresian Order! Kutschera
did not apply for the Order though. Instead he gets a promotion to Major on 20.04.1797
and was transferred to the General Quartermaster Staff, only to be back at his
old regiment N°19 by 07.06.1798.
Apart from Alvinczy nobody seems to have lauded the
military skills of Kutschera, he is not mentioned in the regimental histories
and others – later in time – liked to speak negatively of him. But
Alvinczy was known to be a battle hardened soldier who did not give out favors
without good reason!
With his promotion to Oberstleutnant on 19.10.1800
he was appointed Adjutant-General of Archduke Joseph Palatinus at the Insurrection
army in Hungary. He also likes him and although Kutschera was under his command
only for a short time he commends him for promotion and lauds his military capabilities.
He is transferred to Infantry Regiment N°3 on 25.07.1801 and on 06.01.1803
to Infantry Regiment N°29. But he was quickly appointed as Adjutant to the
General Command of Moravia and Silesia on 01.05.1803.
Ennobled because of his fathers 51 years of service
to the Emperor on 08.03.1805 (and on 19.04.1819 to Freiherr together with
his brothers Joseph and Anton) he was promoted on 31.08.1805 to Oberst and
at the same time appointed Adjutant-General to Emperor Francis. A bombshell at
the court in Vienna! Why Kutschera and not somebody of higher nobility like Schwarzenberg?
Because he had no political agenda and was literally a nobody. No war hero, no
military genius, no influence seeking lobby was supporting him, rather was he
a loyal character with no specific ambitions who simply liked to enjoy life (his
escapades were legendary).
They were very much alike: about the same age, conservative,
a little bit stingy and cautious, rather with an eye for the detail than for
the big picture - a perfect match.
He was despised by many: Archduke Charles called
him a reptile; Archduke John was not fond of him as well.
In historical hindsight his influence was not always
the best as he was no visionary, i.e. he stopped the build up of the Naval Forces
as too expensive and unnecessary. A characteristic sentence was: "I am of the
opinion that everything could stay the same, because it always was like that." After
the wars he sided usually with Metternich, they differed only sometimes in military
matters. Whatever influence he had, it was with good intention. Historians who
criticized the Franciscean aera liked to exaggerate and put too much of the blame
on Kutschera.
In 1809 he wants to continue hostilities, but the
Emperor decides otherwise. He blocked the career of Radetzky because in his view
a man with a lavish lifestyle and debts like Radetzky could not be given too
much responsibility.
Positive on his account shows that he was pushing
the fortification works, as he was convinced that a defensive system of that
kind was essential. In 1821 he strongly supported General Frimont during his
campaign in Naples and Sicily. His stingy behaviour changed in 1830 when he suddenly
supported vast construction of fortresses in Italy and fortifications on the
military border. He also supported Frimont's wish to appoint Radetzky as commander
of Lombardo-Venetia. Without Kutschera – one could say – there would
have been no success in 1848/49!
He saw the necessity for reforms, only the naval
sector was constantly neglected. Only at the beginning of 1832 he recognises
the necessity to fortify harbours and coastal towns. It was to be his last suggestion
in the naval sector. He died shortly after having been promoted to Feldzeugmeister on
20 April 1832 at 4 p.m. aged 66.
Printed Sources
Drimmel, Heinrich: Kaiser Franz. Ein Wiener übersteht
Napoleon, Vienna-Munich 1981, p.466 | Drimmel, Heinrich: Franz von Österreich.
Kaiser des Biedermeier, Vienna-Munich 1982, p.264 | Drimmel, Heinrich, Österreichs
Sternstunde, Vienna 2002, pp.279, 285 | Frank-Döfering, 2262 | Hertenberger,
Helmut – Wiltschek, Franz: Erzherzog Karl. Der Sieger von Aspern, Graz-Vienna-Cologne
1983, p.172 | Neuhauser, Hertha: FZM Johann Nepomuk Freiherr von Kutschera.
Generaladjutant Franz I., Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1937 | MD 3, p.86 | MilSchem | ÖBL
4, p.375 | Schmedes, IR28, pp.182, 189, 291 | Stolzer-Steeb, p.138f. | Vehse,
Eduard: Geschichte der deutschen Höfe seit der Reformation, vol.16, section
2: Oestreich, part 10, Hamburg 1852, p.136 | Wrede 1, p.316 | Wrede
(6), p.18 | Wurzbach 13, p.294 | WZ, 11.01.1809, 25.11.1809, 09.09.1813,
18.09.1813, 27.10.1813, 20.02.1814, 12.09.1816 | Zivkovic, Generalität,
p.41 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.39 | Doerr, p.273
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Vienna, Pfarre St. Augustin, Tom. III, Fol.34
2)
Neuhauser: 02.01.1832 (?)
3)
Neuhauser / Wurzbach: 26.02.1819 (?)
4)
Neuhauser: 26.12.1808 (?)
5)
Neuhauser: 25.07.1814 (?)
| K79 |
Kuttalek,
(Johann) Ferdinand
Kuttalek von Ehrengreif, (Johann) Ferdinand |
Dates of Life
Born: 17??
Died: Wiener Neustadt / Lower Austria, 13.03.1821
Promotions
Major: 26.08.1805
Oberstleutnant: 01.1809
Oberst: 04.1809
Generalmajor: 26.07.18131
Retired: 17.12.1818
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 15.06.1803 (with predicate "von Ehrengreif")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.98 | MilSchem | Pizzighelli,
DR3, pp.127f., 145, 157, 180 | WZ, 21.12.1808, 31.07.1813, 14.10.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Pizzighelli, DR3, p.180:
02.08.1813 (?)
|
Placed on the Napoleon Series: June 2008
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