Journalist Ron Suskind's revelation that Saddam
Hussein's intelligence chief was a prewar intelligence source reporting to
the British that Saddam had no weapons of mass destruction (WMD) adds yet another
dimension to the systematic effort by then Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Director George Tenet to quash any evidence no matter how credible
that conflicted with the George W. Bush administration's propaganda line that
Saddam was actively pursuing a nuclear weapons program.
According to Suskind's new book, The
Way of the World, Iraqi Director of Intelligence Tahir Jalil Habbush
al-Tikriti had been passing on sensitive intelligence to the UK's MI6 intelligence
service for more than a year before the U.S invasion. In early 2003, Suskind
writes, Habbush told MI6 official Michael Shipster in Jordan that Saddam had
ended his nuclear program in 1991 and his biological weapons program in 1996.
Habbush explained to the British official that Saddam tried to maintain the
impression that he did have such weapons in order to impress Iran.
Suskind writes that the head of MI6, Richard Dearlove, flew to Washington
to present details of the Habbush report to Tenet, who then briefed National
Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice. Soon after that, the CIA informed the British
that the Bush administration was not interested in keeping the Habbush channel
open, according to Suskind's account.
Tenet has called the story of the Habbush prewar intelligence a "complete
fabrication," claiming Habbush had "failed to persuade" the
British that he had "anything new to offer by way of intelligence."
His statement actually reinforces Suskind's account, however, by indicating
that he had simply chosen not to believe Habbush. "There were many Iraqi
officials who said both publicly and privately that Iraq had no WMD,"
said the statement, "but our foreign intelligence colleagues and we assessed
that these individuals were parroting the Ba'ath Party line and trying to delay
any coalition attack."
Contradicting Tenet's claim that the British did not take the Habbush
report seriously, MI6 director Dearlove told Suskind he had asked Prime Minister
Tony Blair why he had not acted on the intelligence from Habbush.
Another high-level U.S. source in the last months of the Saddam regime was
Saddam's foreign minister Naji Sabri. Tyler Drumheller, the CIA's chief of
clandestine operations for Europe from 2001 until 2005, recounts in his book
On the Brink that Sadri was passing on information to an official
of a European government in early autumn 2002 indicating that hints of a WMD
program were essentially a "Potemkin village" used to impress foreign
enemies.
Sidney Blumenthal wrote in September 2007 that two former CIA officers who
had worked on the Sabri case identified the foreign intermediary as being France
and said he had been paid hundreds of thousands of dollars by the CIA and French
intelligence to provide documents on Saddam's WMDs.
Drumheller told 60 Minutes that Sabri "told us that they had no
active weapons of mass destruction program."
On Sept. 17, 2002, the CIA officer who had debriefed Sabri in New York, briefed
CIA Deputy Director John McLaughlin, according to Blumenthal's account. McLaughlin
responded that Sabri's information was at odds with "our best source."
That was a reference to "Curveball," the Iraqi who claimed knowledge
of an Iraqi mobile bio-weapons lab program but was later found to be a professional
liar.
The next day, Tenet briefed Bush on Sabri's intelligence, but Bush rejected
it out of hand as "what Saddam wanted him to think."
French intelligence agents later tapped Sabri's telephone conversations
and determined that he was telling the truth. But it was too late. One of Tenet's
deputies told the CIA officers, "This isn't about intelligence. It's
about regime change."
Yet another highly credible U.S. source on the WMD issue in Sept. 2002 was
Saad Tawfik, an electrical engineer who had been identified by the CIA as a
"key figure in Saddam Hussein's clandestine nuclear weapons program."
The story of the CIA's handling of his testimony is told in James Risen's State
of War.
In early September 2002, Tawfik's sister, who lived in Cleveland, flew to
Baghdad with a mission from the CIA to obtain details about Saddam's nuclear
weapons from her brother. But when she returned in mid-September, the CIA didn't
like the report from her conversations with the source.
Tawfik told his sister that Saddam's nuclear program had been abandoned in
1991. When she told him the CIA wanted her to ask such questions as "how
advanced is the centrifuge" and "where are the weapons factories,"
Tawfik was incredulous that the CIA didn't understand that there was no such
program.
Tawfik's was only one of 30 cases of former Iraqi WMD experts who reported
through relatives that Saddam had long since abandoned his dreams of WMDs,
according to Risen.
Both the Sabri evidence and the evidence from Tawfik and other former Iraqi
experts was available to the CIA during the work on the Oct. 2002 National
Intelligence Estimates (NIE). But the CIA's Directorate of Intelligence
kept all of that evidence out of the NIE process.
No report based on any of that evidence was ever circulated to State, Defense,
or the White House, according to Risen and Blumenthal.
The disappearance of all that credible evidence reflected a deliberate decision
by Tenet. The White House Iraq Group had just rolled out its new campaign to
create a political climate supporting war in early September, and Tenet knew
what was expected of him. As an analyst who worked on the NIE told Bob Drogin
of the Los Angeles Times, "The going-in assumption was that we
were going to war, so this NIE was to be written with that in mind." That
means Tenet's account of the CIA's role in the WMD issue in his 2007 memoirs
completely ignored the credible evidence from Habbush, Sabri, and the former
Iraqi specialists that there was no active program, as well as his own role
in suppressing it.
Tenet even brazenly claimed that a "very sensitive, highly placed source
in Iraq" about whom "little has been publicly said" had "reported
that production of chemical and biological weapons was taking place."
The reporting from the source, continuing through the NIE and beyond, "gave
those of us at the most senior level further confidence that our information
about Saddam's WMD programs was correct."
Tenet was clearly referring to the reporting coming from the Sabri debriefings,
but his description of them was a prevarication. As Blumenthal reported, they
had written a report on Sabri's intelligence spelling out his view that there
was no active WMD program, but they later discovered that it had been rewritten
and given an entirely new preamble asserting that Saddam already possessed
chemical and biological weapons and was "aggressively and covertly developing"
nuclear weapons.
Tenet who was a political operator rather than an intelligence professional
had betrayed the CIA's mission of providing objective analysis, instead
choosing to serve the interests of the Bush administration in preparing the
way for war. It is not difficult to imagine how he would have meekly carried
out whatever was asked of him by the White House even forging a document
and leaking it to the media, to buttress the administration's case for war.
(Inter Press Service)