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VOLUME XV. CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, SATUR^Y MORNING, DECEMBER 23, 1854 NUMBER 52. | PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THOMAS J. WARREN. TIKIS. Two Dollars if paid in advance; Two Do liars an Fifty Conts if payment be delayed three mon ths, an Three Dollars if paid till the expiration of the year. ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted at the following rates: For ono Square, (fourteen lines or less.) seventy-five cents for the first, and thirty-seven and a half cents for each subsequent insertion. Single insertions, ono dollar per square: semi-monthly, monthly and quarterly advertisements charged the same as Tor a single insertion. The number of insertions desired must be noted on the margin of all advertisements, or they will be published until ordered discontinued and charged acordingly. Jfiisccllitrtcaus. | A Western .locomotive rircniuu 10 his friend in the East. Toledo, Nov. VI?Dear Jim:?Why don't j you pack up your plunder and come here?? We have rare sport, I can tell you?you can bet your life of that. When I first came out here I had the ager a good deal. I shook every other day for six months, and then got agoing every other day. After a while Joe Sinashup asked me to run on his engine and fire for him. ' You won't shake long on my engine," says he, " for if pine knots don't drive out your ager, one or two collisions will fix you complete." "Wall, on to his engine I went, and I haint j shook since. It's better than a Kolagog." Joe is a perfect brice. Ile'd rut her run in to a train or drove ol cattle than not. l ou d | ought to see the horns fly sometimes. We had a little fun the other night, and I'll tell yon how it was. The other train, that we meet every night at pile-up station, has been in the j habit of hnldin' on to the track on our time, and the conductors had two or three jawius about it. Our conductor says to the oilier one, says he, " If you don't get off on to the othei track a little livelier in futur, I'll tun into you some night?sure's you live." Then the other one says, "You run inter me and you'll get cleaned out, certain. An I'll stav on the track twelve hours, if I like? you het your sweet life o' that!" " Wall," says our conductor, " when you stand on the track 011 my time, you've {jot to go back to the east end of the side track to switch off, or you'll ketch it some dark night." "No," says t'other one, " I uiiit a going to no east end of the side track to switch otr? certain's you live." " Wall, then, you'll get smashed up, snre's you live." " Wall, you jest try it on." w Wall, you'll see." " Wall, you11 see." "You'll make a heap by runnin' into me, I reckon " " Wall, yoiCll make a heap by holdin' 011 to the track?that's certain Well, you see, that's the kind of talk we had onoe or twice, and the other night, about ball past two in the morning, they got to the station ahead of us and held on. The conductor goes into the depot and cocks his feet up 011 the stove as cool as a cucumber, Icaviw' train. ?eight passenger cars?on the track. The depot man is a wide-awake chap, and because his switchman was siek and off duty,lie kimwed he got to turn the switch if the train was put on the side track for us to go by. So he went in and axed the conductor if lie warn't goiu' on to the side track ? " Y a a s, I spose so." " Wall," says he, " you can't be a mite too quick about it?now I tell ye." The conductor went out kinder slow, and telled tl e engineer to go to the west end of the side track and switch oil', but afore they got there they met lis, and then wa'ut there some Ion! Joe Smashup says to me, " What's them fellers trying to do ? Aint they oil our time? Yes," says he; looking at Ins watch, "the track belongs to us; an* J'111 going to let her rip, sure's you live." " What," says I, " you goiu' to run these trains together?" "Look here," says he, "I'm running on my time?the track belongs to me, and I don't see any signals; so I ain't to blame if there's a smash. Same time, between you and I, we'd always orter be ready to jump when we get rear this depo!" and be gin ine a wink, as if lo say, " Look out for yourself!" It's a mighty straight track across the country at Piieup, and we struck a pretty good gait. Joe had his hand upon the irons, but he kept a Innkin' mbrlitv shnrn. " Bv (ieorire." SaVS he. 5"v r ^ ? ' w " we shall head 'em off. They can't get up to the switeh in time. Get ready to jump. No you needn't. 'Twont be a killer, for they Lave stopped, and are crawling off the other way. I'm afraid we shall run into 'em though" I did jump, though, before she struck, hut Joe stuck to the machine. He's used to it, and knew just how hard thev'd hit, to a pound. The damage wasn't no great. The Lion, t'other locomotive, war smashed up considerable, and one baggage car and one passenger weren't no good arterwards. Then all the couplings and platforms in both trains were smashed up. We lost our cow-catcher and lantern but the old bully machine run jest as as well as ever that rnornin. Well, the passengers screamed. One man's ankle was smashed, one shoulder was put out of joint, and one passenger had his leg crushed all to pieces. We took him to the depo, and a young surgeon cut off liis leg at the imgu.? It's probable that he'll die. 'Ilie young doetor has got to hangin around the Pileup depo every night for the train. I felievc lie's out off four legs there in two rnuilhs. 1 heard him tell Bill Robinson that ho was ahead yet. I got sight of this fellow sure. I heard the jaw between the conductors yesterday, and I reckoned on a job this morning. The man that was smashed was 'goin home to his family in Wisconsin. It took lis a long time to clear the track, and the passengers growled like fun after they got over tli.e fright. Now, Jim. come out here, and got on a train with a gritty set of conductors and engineers, and you'll have a heap of fun, sure's you live * SAMUEL FIR EATER. j Cashmere Goals and Brahmin Cuttle Our towninan, Dr. James D. Davis, lias during the past fall, exhibited his beautiful Cashmere Gnats both at the Pennsylvania and New York State Agricultural Fairs, where they ; have attracted great attention, and received | valuable medals. We clip the following rej poit from the New York Society's Journal of i Transactions for October: "The committee deem the attempt to im; prove this species of the animal creation of the : highest interest to the agieuhnrist, and nsdesI tiiied materially to increase the wealth and resources of the farmer. From its novelty, the I skill and courage with which the experiment has been conducted by the very distinguished gentleman from a sister State, your committee deem it due to the result, as well as an appro prialo compliment to liim, to extend to him the honor of the gold medal of the society, and a more extended notice of the quality, breeding of this animal, of the Asiatic steppes, and its domestication in this climate, with other matters of a kindred interest, will he furnished in time for its appcaranccd in the printed transactions of the society." These animals were sold by Dr. Davis for $1,500 per pair. A pair since exhibited at the \ irginia State Agricultural Society, at Richmond, were similarly distinguished, and were sold for a like sum. It is seldom that a Southerner wakes up the Yankees by tho introduc tion of new and valuable domestic animals, bat we have an instance in the introduction of Cashmere Goats and Brahmin Cattle, which is likely to do great service to the agricultural commity. The ditliciilty of rearing sheep in the South, from the depredations of dogs, is in a great measure obviated hv the fael that the Cashmere goat is able to take care of itself, and at the same time furnishes a finer and more valuable fleece than any other vaiiety of sheep. , Wo look forward to the day when our hill- i and mountains will he whitened with fleece- ' hearing goats, capable of subsi-tiiiii on rough i irrass. weeds, and browse, and to the adapta tioii of machinery to llio easy manufacturing of their long (he'-os; and then, with cotton fur ( summer wear and Cashmere wool for winter ( gear, our darkies will he the best clad laborers i in the world. W e understand that specimens of wool from ( Dr. Davis' flock compared favorably with that j used in fabricating a shawl from the East, j which cost originally 82,700, and which was ( on exhibition at New York. The Brahmin cattle and their crosses we , learn arc fine milkers, are highly appreciated j l.^.^nlw.ok. ..../I Sn irniilii/.L't* With until. uiiu n? iiymuvn ) ?? km imkm r;il c<>tistitulionril capacity, originating in a ' sultry climate, they have been easily acclima j ted here, not being afflicted by our hot sum- , mers, so destructive to till other foreign breeds | of cattle upon their introduction. Specimens s of these cattle can be seen at Dr. Davis", and | at the plantations of .C<>l<>nol Hampton and j Colonel Thomas Davis. 'I'he Water Oxen o| the Fast can also bo seen at Or. pavis', and | his domestic mmaycric is well worthy of a visit ( from the improving planter. j South Carolinian. Tht? 315 sic lions liisuppcaraiKc of a Yocusg Lady from Rochester. The disappearance of Emma Moore from Rochester is *till unaccounted for, and the excitement among the citizens of that place in reference to the subject is apparently increas- ' ing. The Rochester Union of Sunday says: Wednesday was spent in searching the part of the town of IrondtMpinit lying between the bay ami tin* Genesee river. From three to five hundred men were engaged, and did all tliev ' could do with their numbers in so large a tract nl ( fiiiiitrt* Tl m?v nlitMiitrd (ni'tlii'i* 1 f?ftt itnnii v tli.it confirmed tlie opinion entertained by the 1 committee that a female was taken down find- I son street on Tuesday night, the 14th ultimo, 1 uttering such screams of distress as would only be made by one undergoing extreme mental and physical suffering and these screams and groans were traced six miles from the city, and only lost to human ear half n mile from the shore on Lake Ontario. There can be little doubt of the truth of this statement, and we are led to the conclusion that if the person who uttered these cries was not Linma Moore the-n some other female has been made a victim to brutalities perhaps ending in a violent death. Hut public opinion seems to incline to the belief that the missing woman, Miss .Moore, was taken toward the Lake on the night of her disappearance from Mr. Whitney's house on North street, and wantonly murdered. A company of ahout one hundred volunteers went to Iroudcquoit on Thursday morning, and spent the day in examining the swamps and the lake shore. They returned at night afier a tedious day of labor, the weather being very cold ?without having made any discovery of importance. At six and a half o'clock P. M., the City Hall was crowded with people. i.. ? i ??!...? ,u.. r.?i . e 1L lltrt'll I II III"! I'll UHlt LIIC IUVUUI Ul Miss Moore had .arrived in town, the meeting anxiously looked for his presence on the occasion. Mr. Stiliwdl stated, after taking the chair, that Mr. Moore arrived in the city from Illinois, at 12 on Wednesday nigiil much overcome by fatigue, and suffering severely from rheumatism, Mr. Loder stated that he had called upon Mr Moore this afternoon, and found him much afflicted hy the loss of his daughter, lie had no knowledge of her whereabout. Fie received the telegraphic communication, and the handbill, offering a reward for information, signed hy Iiis sons at tho same moment, unit immediately started for this (icy. Mr. Loder said Mr. Moore was as much surprised by the absence of his daughter as anybody else. lie could imagine no cause for her voluntary departure, and had no suspicion that any of his family had been instrumental in taking her away. T. J. Patterson said, from his investigation of the matter, he concluded that Emma Moore ! had been taken by ruffians to the shore of the j lake, there u<cd for vile purposes, afterward murdered, carried out and sunk at a point of the lake so distant, that no bubble will ever I rise to tell the tale, lie thought a more numerous police should he appointed, to guard against such outrages in future. * Revival of (lie Slave Trade In another column will be found and article from the New Orleans Picayune, suggested by the recent trial in NewYork, of Capt. Smith, for piratical slave dealing, in which a sharp practical lecture is read to the Abolitionist. A fruitful and far more useful field for philanthropy is there pointed out to them, than that which has hitherto employed their thought and attention. As to the merits of the question of the revival of the slave trade, we do not feel that there is occasion now for the South, as a matter of policy, there is no chance for it. The Constitution of the United States forbids the trade, and public sentiment is not in favor of the change, either North or South. If revived; there is no doubt that the trallic. would be in the hands of the people of the North exclusively, as is was prior to its prohibition. The South never evinced anv particular tastcf or such commercial adventues. even now, though made piracy by law, Northern cepital Northen vessels and crews, arc engaged in it. Put there is not the first instance to be quoted against the Southern States, of a cargo of slaves having been introduced upon lier shores, since the constitutional inhibition. Yet her thousands of miles of unguarded sea coast offer the amplest facilities for the illicit traffic. As a question of philanthropy, wc are clearly of opinion that the revival of slave trade, by the sanction of Jaw, would confer blessing innumerable upon the African race. Contrast the happy condition of the three or four millions of our Southern slaves with the brutal and miserable saveges of Africa, and who can doubt that the latter would be infinitely bles?ed by the change, could they be transplanted as the demands of agriculture, might prompt, to the soil of the Southern planting States? To the South the movement would give incensed wen 111) and increased political strength a d impoitance by the rapid filling up of the i sparcely populated states, wh< ro millions of acres *till lie in their virgin freshness awaiting the hand of cultivation through the present slow , * . . ?-? _. procossof immigration and natural increase, uui , it would, cotemporarily at least; produce great disturbance to I lie present value of property in < Lite old states. It would bringdown very rapid- i y the value of slaves, perhaps to the extent of < rendering that species of property no longer a j desirable investment in Maylnnd, Yirgnia, and < Kentucky. While slave states would be incrcas- < ng at the South-west, they would be diminish- < ;d on our Northern border. i The value of all labor would be depresssed ; wing to the competition produced by the great influx among us of slaves from Africa, bought t it less than half the present value of slaves, i I'll is would have a bad influence on the median < es and other manual pursuits at the South now i unnlovinrr a lar<reaiid valuable white inundation I [t would seriously check many departments o. , ikillfnl enterprise; mid uselul citerzcus, whose la- 5 l>or is now as well rewarded licre as it would be n the Northern States. 1 But it. is unnecessary to enlarge lu' thur on | his topic, because it is merely a matter of curi- j >us speculation not one having a practical bear- 1 ng. To the North be it said remove the beam from 1 four own eye. To the Abolitionist, you have t tvork enough at home to fully occupy your pliil- t intliropy for the African race. 1 Augusta Constitutionalist ? Consumption of Liff. nuittxr. tiif. Rkign * 3f tiir: Empkiiou Niciiolas.?The consuinp tion of human life during tlu* reign of the Kin- ? peror Nicholas has been enormous: lie has carried on war with the Circassians ! uninterruptedly for 2S years, at an annual cost 1 of 20.000 lives on the Russian side alone, ma- 1 king a grand total of near 000,000 Russians 1 O O ' I who have perished in attempting to subdue the ' independence of Circassia In the two campaigns against Persia, as in the Hungarian 1 campaign and the two Polish campaigns of ( 1 S31 -'32 there are not sufficient data to form 1 a correct estimate of the loss of the Russians, which was, however, in the Persian and Polish j wars, enormous. In the two campaigns against T I _? 1DAO V?A AAA AAA I' II . _i- < lurhvy in IO-CO- OV\J,\JU\J ifii , ui wiium . however, 50,000 perilled by the plague. The ! loss of the Russians in various ways since the 1 entry of the Danubian Principalities is under- ! stated at 30,000. In these calculations it should be borne in mind that no estimate is attempted to be m ce of the sacrifice of hu- ' man life on the side of those who fought for j their liberties against the aggies-ions of Russ i a.?Edin h u rg A dvcrtiscr. The Shrug of the Shoulder.? A very significant gesture, and very much employed by , fnfnurnapc 'I'lin A morinnn pm rnlu nene if m deed, lie doc* not know how. The French and Germans will give an answer full of meaning, by this amusing motion of one shoulder. How shall we translate this shrug into English?? Perhaps by noting some of its occasions. For example, ask your foreign friend about a person whose character or credit he considers dubious. He says nothing, but gives a queer movement to his right shoulder. Ask him about the prospects of some business speculation. If his shoulder gives the answer, he means?" nous verrons" or, " I can tell you better by-nud by." Question him in regard to some work of taste; if his shoulder rises suddenly, you may understand him to reply ? " Think what you please, 1 have nothing to say." This shoulder utterance is usually a pretty severe comment. If called upon for a general translation, we should word it thus? " Look out for humbug." Proverbs ox Woman.?When catb wash their face, bad weather is at hand; when wo men use washes to their complexion, it is a true si?jn that the beauty of the day is gone. Many powdei their faces that their skin may seem white; it is as a poulterer flours an old hen, that it may pass for a tender chicken. The stepping stone to fortune is not to be found in a jeweler's shop. How many women have been ruined by diamonds, as bird catchers entice thelark from heaven to earth with sparkling glass Like the colored bottles in a chemist's win j dovv, is rouge on the cheeks of a maiden; it at- j tracts passers by, but all know the drug they | advertise. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. The annual report of the Hon. James C. I)ol>bin, Secretary of the Navv, will be read with interest by the friends of our navy. It abounds with interesting facts and important j suggest ions, and displays a commendable zeal and energy on the part of its author. We have room only for the following abstract: The report recommends an additional but gradual increase of the navy; its reorganization and the enactment of new regulations for the discipline and improvement of seamen. The movements of the various squadrons tire reported in detail. The sloop of war Albany, last heard from at Aspinwall on 28th Sept., when aieielt lor i\ew lork. I'aimul anxiety is felt touching her fate. The steamer Princeton w m sent in search of her several days since. Lieut Strain and party are complimented for enlirprise and exhibition of powers of endurance and generous devotion to duty in the exploration of the Darien ship car.nl route. The result of the expedition is, according to Lieut. S rain's report, that the proposed canal is totally impracticable, and this the Secretary appreheids settles the question forever. The bombardment of(ireytown by the sloop of war Cyane is narrated, and the Secretary icmarks that "he could not reprove Commander Ilolluis for his conduct. Humanity often lends her sympathy to the sufTerer, however just thq punishment; but patriotism rarely condemns the brave officer who administers that punishment, from a sense of justice to his countrymen! whose property has been destroyed, and wlpse national flag has been insulted." Cotnuodore Perry is highly complimented for hisFUCcess in Japan. On the increase of the Navy the Secretary says lid "is far from the opinion that the enlargemint of our Navy should stop with the action oflast Congress. The protection of our commerce; the guarding our extended coast; the preservation of our rank as a nation, demand tt.at we should not be entire! v stalionarv. mid \\ iii inactive indillerenee behold the progress ojother powers in naval strength. Even with tic additional unfinished steam frigates our nnyil force will not exceed fifty vessels in condition for service. Weakness invites aggression and never inspires respect, while tic knowlidged strength and visible preparations 20mmind consideration and are the true safeguards of peace." The necessity and propriety >f an luginented Navv is eloquently argued at lonsidcrable length, and the objections thereto mswfrcd. Tie Secretary does not-propose to increase .he mmher of officers nor materially enhnge die squadrons, and thereby largely increase the urreut expenses, nor to have a navy of the imliensf size and extent of some of the navies of European powers, hut to increase the material >f our navy so as at least to approximate to a itate of readiness for eme rgeneies, which wise i statesmen strive to avoid, hut wiser statesmen if. uill ho tlm iSpfi-fi'ii-v'g [ ilcasure to co-operate with the legislative <lc- I virtnittit of the govern men t in practically (jurying out these views. The Secretary renews his recommendations >f last year for the reorganization of the Navy; lie creation of a retired list for infirm officers; lie discharge of the inefficient, and to have pronotions regulated liy capacity and merit in some degree, instead of by seniority of comnission and pay, to some extent controlled by sea service. ! So far as be lias authority, these views will juide his action even without legislation. lie lays: "1 cannot recommend for promotion to ligher rank and pay officers who do not merit t, from incapacity, either moral or physical. I lo not appreciate the justice or policy of pronoting to a higher grade an officer who cannot icrform its duties, unless in rare exceptional lases, as comjiimoiitary reward for services enderod. It is leither more nor less than el?vating the incompetent and then ordering the mpronioted competent to do their work." mm .1 i _?r. . i hi? uijjcci-iciiis against lilt' |mw|ii?>cu itiwrni ire ably considered. He says much is still to lie done to give proper shape, origin, vigor, character and suece-s to a system of discipline in naval service. He is far from recommending the restoration of flogging. The experience af the navy justifies its abrogation. There is, however, urgent necessity for some substitute, accompanied with a plan of reward as well as punishment?a substitute which would be prompt and sure?in order to restrain the ot lender and deter the inconsiderate; to reward equally sure, the generous: to encourage fidelity and promote respectability. It is not the severity, but the certainty and promptness of punishment which promote discipline, lie recommends that the commander of any vessel he authorized by law to order a summary court martial for the trial of petty officers and those below them; that they have power to punish by dishonorable discharge in any port, or by confinement on reduced rations, and without pay, with extra labor and a denial of shore privileges. He renews his recommendations of last year of ihe plan to induce seamen to become permanently attached to the Navy, by granting conditional leave of absence at the end of a cruise and increased pay en re-enlistment. It is the Secretary's purpose to immediately adopt in modified form the apprentice system, and encourage the enlistment of American boys from fourteen until twenty-one years of age; to train them first on a receiving ship, then on ! . _ . . 1 I T 1 l * cruisers, in practical scamansnip. jlic is clearly of tl?o opinion, also, that the number of men in the service should lie in creased at least 2500. The number of the marine corps is deemed entirely too small, and an indefinitely stated in crease is earnestly recommended. The corps would be improved and elevated in character by adopting some, system of appointing officers of military education and training. A marine basin and railway at the San Francisco navy yard is recommended. Prof. Maury's achievements in developing his theory of winds and currents and his preparation of charts arc noticed most flatteringly. It is estimated that the saving to our commerce by the use of his charts would amount to several millions per annum. Robert L. Stephens' iron war steamer, shot and shell proof, for harbor defence, is rapidly progressing. The boilers will be ready to put on board in about three weeks. Of the Naval Academy at Annapolis, the . Secretary says: ,, "The Naval Academy has, during the past ! year, continued to present to the country prac tical evidence of the wisdom and foresight of i its projector. Under the vigilant superintendance of Commander Goldsborongh and his worthy assistants, the strictest discipline has been enforced, to the marked benefit of this institution. "The plan of education is now thorough, and the training of the youth admirable. The cruise in the Practice Ship is of immeasurable advantage in imparling at an early age practical knowledge of seamanship. During the last summer the Preble, with .31 young Midshipmen, visited Portsmouth and Plymouth, in England, and Brest and Cherbourg in France, theieby affording them an opportunity of examining the naval establishments of those points. "The contract has beeujmade for the erection of a machine shop at Annapolis under the act of Congress authorizing it, and I shall avail myself of the first opportunity when the service will permit, to substitntea steamer for the sloop now used as a practice ship. The number of students now at the academy is one hundred and sixty. Attention is called to the report of the chief of the bureau of ordnance and hydro graphy, and the annual report of the hoard of examiners, as also that of the commander of the practice ship." The legitimate expenditures for the support of the navy and marine corps of the fiscal year, ending June 30, 1854, amounted toSC,891,8^2 with some outstanding claims to be Daid. The o ? r amount required for the same purpose, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1850, is 88,917,297. Abstract of tlie ILaud Office Report. The Land Office Report represents that there have been surveyed 9,384 404 acres. On the Pacific side the surveys have reached 1,6SG,* 471 acres. The quantity brought into markel. was S, 190,017 acres. There was sold 7,035,735 acres; located with Bounty Warrants 3,402,020 acres; located with Certificates 14.183 acres; making a total sold and located of 10,45,537 acres. There has been reported and selected as swamp land 11,033,813 acres; for internal improvements 1,725,190 acres, which added to the figures already given, makes a grand total of 23,238, 312 acres. For the quarter ending September 30, 1S54, there wore cash sales of 2,S94.30G acres; reported as swamp lands 1,496,904 acres?aggregate 4,779,(528 acres. The excess of sales for the year over 1853, was 5,952.239 acres. During the year the number of patents issued was 120.000; 2000 accounts were settled; 2,812,000 tracts were entered. The total number of warrants issued under die Act of 1817, is 80,070, embracing 12,995,e*?U acres, ?>l wlilcli nine hits 1/m.ii Huv..ivJ, 77,535, including 11,734,080 acres. There are still outstanding, under this Act 7,141 warrants, covering 1,201,800 acres. Under the Act of 1850 there have been issued 11.538 warrants, covering 000.320 acres. anil there are still outstanding 4,833 warrants, equal to 2,771,400 acres. The aggregate number ?>f warrants issued under these three acts is 282,809, covering 2G,543,700 acres, and there are outstanding warrants to the number of 57,388, equal to 4,307,880 acres. The land sold along the line of the Illinois Central Railroad since 1852, reaches 2,377, 994 acres; for the sum of ?3.990,000. The report contends that the Pacific Railroad can only be built by settling the country along its projected route. Secretary of War's Report. The annual report of Col. Jefferson Davis, Secretary of War. is an interestim?. business J ' O' like document, and makes many important recommendations, in order to give increased efficiency to the important branch of the public service over which he presides. We annex a brief abstract: The actual strength of the army is only ten thousand seven hundred and forty-five. The whole authorized strength is fourteen thousand two hundred and sixteen. The deficiency is fast decreasing by more rapid enlistments. A statement of the changes made in the distribution of the army during last year is given. The removal from Florida of the remnant of the Seminoles, has received the attention of the Department, but its efTorts have not been very successful. Better fortune is expected next year, through the instrumentality of the new plan of operations. The Indian difficulties elsewhere arc alluded to. The massacre of Lieut. Gratton and men by the Sioux is narrated, and me tact stated that the army force is quite inadequate to the protection of our frontiers and to punish Indian aggressions. Our entire loss in Indian actions during the year is four officers and sixty-three men killed and four officers and forty-two men wounded. The occurrences on the frontier furnish deplorable proofs of the insufficiency of our military force, and of the absolute necessity for its increase, which was urged by the Secretary last year. Our effective force docs not exceed eleven thousand men, which is entirely inadequate for the purposes lor w hich we maintain a standing army. Its immediate increase is urged, at a cost sufficient to give some degree or security to the Indian frontiers, for which services the regular force is the most efficient, cheap, proper and constitutional means. The increased pay to enlisted men induced the enlistment of 1,005 men in October and September last, against 309 men during the corresponding months last year. The number of recruits required for the service of the ensuing year will probably not be less than 6,000. lie recommends the use of camels and dromedaries for military purposes again, and asks an appropriation to test their usefulness. An increased pay for officers is urged as an act of justice and necessity. Additional legislation is asker to place the widows and orphans of the officer! and soldiers of the army on an equality wit! the widows and orphans of the officers am soldiers of the navy. The necessity" of" ft revision of our ntilitnry i legislation, in some important particulars, is 3 pointed out in order to prevent conflicting in claims in regard to rank and command, which f' now give rise to much Inconvenience and troo- * hie. One great source of difficulty is the double rank recognised hv our laws; to r^piedy ' this it is proposed to give effect to brevef+ank only when the President may see fit; and for* { hiil the exercise of hrevet commissions in the > 4 regiment, troop, or company where officers ace ? mu.-tercd. Elaborate suggestions for re organization of the staff corps, arc presented and compared with European systems. It is proposed that there he nine Brigadier Generals-? r I. rv e /\ one nir eacn uepnrimenc, one lor viuartermas* ter General; one for Adjutant General, and two fur Inspectors General. Being an nddiHon of three to those who now, by brevet or otherwise, have rank and command as Brigadier Generals. Other marked changes in staff appointments rank, and duty are proposed. Reforms in the organization of regiments arc also suggested. The expediency of general promotions by seniority, instead of merit, is doubled hy the Secretary, and the establish- * mei.t of a list again urged. Professorships of ethics and of English studies, at the military academy are recommended. Many other subjects are treated of at considerable length. % ? Secretary of the Interior's Report. This report will be read with general interest, as exhibiting in a clear, brief, and comprehensive manner, the successful developments and growing importance of the great home in terests of the country. During the past year the business of the General Land Office has been largely augmented, and every facility given to the hardy pioneers to secure eligible and permanent homes. The Secretary says that he labor on the part c.f the bureau produced by the graduating principle is immense, and has involved the ofHoe in difficulties that cannot be easily or effectively surmounted without the further aid of Congress. During the last fiscal year 11,070,935 acres . of the public lands have been surveyed, and 8,190,017 acres brought into market. In the same period, 7,035,735 acres were sold, yielding 89,285,033; located with military scrip and land warrants, 3 410,802 acres; swartip lands ceded, 11,033,813 acres, exhibiting an, increase of 5,952.240 acres over the previous year of lands sold for cash, and a sensible diminution in the amount located with scrip and hind warrants. Although the Secretary sees no reason to change his previously expressed views in favor of donations of public and for the construction of great leading highways in the new States, he yet alludes to the fact that attempts have been made to prostitute the scheme for purposes which are totally unworthy of public confidence. The applications to Congress, at its last session, contemplated the construction of 1.- ....J -- ? iflaili OM? elusive of the great Pacific railroad and its branches?and, assumiiiir six sections to en ell mile of road, would have required in round numbers twenty millions of acres. The Secretary repeats his former recommendation, that officers connected with the survey and sale of the public lands be prohibited, under severe penalties, from becoming purchasers. He says that it will be again necessary to extend the time for the completion of the work of the commission to ascertain and settle the private land claims in California, which expires in March next. The Irauds practised by pension agents are alluded to. The Secretary earnestly recommends a modification of the act of Congress limiting to two years prosecutions for perjury and forgery committed in pension and land cases. Up to October last, thirty pension agents have been indicted ; of whom eleven were convicted, nine fled and forfeited their recognizances, one died, one committed suicide, two have eluded llio officers, and six await trial. Others have not been prosecuted, owing to the limitation referred to ; and, in sever 1*1 "eo'iiv.in-m nia?, mc bi.iiuic lias oeeil 8UCcess fully pleaded. The pertinacity and success of the IV.isiou bureau in pursuing the offenders have perceptibly diminished the offence; and, with enlarged power, it may probably bo totally checked. * ' It is stated, as a remarkably striking fact, that of the large and entire number on the invalid pension mil, (with recently two honorable exceptions.) there appears never to have been any diminution of- the disability, bur, .frequently an increase. It is believed that the Mexican boundary survey will be completed within the time estimated. The Patent Ollice, it is stated, is in excellent condition; and the manner in which its affairs are conducted gives universal satisfaction. Since the 1st of January last, sixteen hundred patents have been issued. The judicial expenses of the United States in v wijivi; ? v li.utiw, WHICH IS in pare accounted for by the number of terms and places at which courts are held. The Secretary i? of opinion that the salaries of most of the judges of the district courts are inadequate, lie alludes to the. fact that cfctra charges have been made by district judges, attorneys, and clerks, which were not allowed by the department. The District of Columbia and its affairs occupy no small pace in the report. J he construction ot various public improvements is* warmly recommended. \ ,1, . n i . J a -i. Uur Ionian alMirs arc aunoe-i u> ni considerable length. * The annuities are abundantly sufficient for nil legitimate purposes. With the view to protect the interests and promote the welfare of the Indian trihes, the agents and sub-agents of the government are now required to reside within the limits of their respective districts. Many of the Indian tribes are doing well, and their condition is daily improving; ' but the aggregate number is fast diminishing. Washington Union. I Vanity is the natural weakness of an ambi' tjousman. s l Somebody says a wife should be like roast I lamb?tender and nicely dieted. Somebody else wickedly adds?"and without sauce." ... ; ' ; W'